Németh G, Ohlsén H
J Biomech. 1985;18(2):129-40. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(85)90005-3.
Moment arm lengths of three hip extensor muscles, the gluteus maximus, the hamstrings and the adductor magnus, were determined at hip flexion angles from 0 degrees to 90 degrees by combining data from ten autopsy specimens and from twenty patients, the latter examined by computed tomography. A straight-line muscle model for muscle force was used for the hamstrings and adductor magnus, and for the gluteus maximus a two-segment straight-line muscle force model was used. With the joint in its anatomical position the moment arm of the gluteus maximus to the bilateral motion axis averaged 79 mm, for the hamstrings 61 mm and for the adductor magnus 15 mm. The moment arm of gluteus maximus decreased with increasing hip flexion angle. The hamstrings showed an increase in moment arm length up to an average of 35 degrees hip flexion and then a decrease with increasing hip flexion angle. The corresponding figures for the adductor magnus moment arm showed an increase up to 75 degrees and then a decrease. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in moment arm length between men and women.
通过合并来自10个尸检标本和20名患者的数据（后者通过计算机断层扫描进行检查），确定了臀大肌、腘绳肌和大收肌这三块髋伸肌在0度至90度髋屈曲角度下的力臂长度。腘绳肌和大收肌采用直线肌肉模型来表示肌肉力量，臀大肌则采用两段式直线肌肉力量模型。在关节处于解剖位置时，臀大肌至双侧运动轴的力臂平均为79毫米，腘绳肌为61毫米，大收肌为15毫米。臀大肌的力臂随着髋屈曲角度的增加而减小。腘绳肌的力臂长度在髋屈曲平均达到35度之前增加，之后随着髋屈曲角度的增加而减小。大收肌力臂的相应数据显示，在达到75度之前增加，之后减小。统计分析显示，男性和女性在力臂长度上存在显著差异。
