Yu Yan, Li Yuanjia, Zhou Jiangning, Zhang Jie, Li Wen
School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing, China.
J Basic Microbiol. 2025 Jul;65(7):e70002. doi: 10.1002/jobm.70002. Epub 2025 Jan 31.
Subsidence from coal mining is a major environmental issue, causing significant damage to soil structure. Soil microorganisms, highly sensitive to environmental changes, adapt accordingly. This study focused on four areas of the Burdai coal mine: a non-subsidence area (CK), half-yearly (HY), 1-year (OY), and 2-year (TY) subsidence areas. Using high-throughput sequencing and molecular ecological network analysis, we examined soil microbial community diversity and structure across these zones, exploring microbial community assembly and functional predictions. Results showed that compared to the control, subsidence areas experienced reduced soil water content, organic matter, available phosphorus, and alkaline nitrogen, with the lowest levels observed at 1 year. These values began to rise after 1 year, suggesting natural recovery after subsidence stabilized. Microbial communities were closely related to soil organic matter, water content, and alkaline nitrogen. At the 1-year mark, soil property changes significantly reduced microbial diversity, which then began to recover after 2 years. The microbial network during 1-year subsidence was simpler, with 102 nodes, 179 edges, and an average degree of 3.51, indicating that early subsidence was unstable, and the microbial community was still adapting. By 1 year, community structure and interactions had begun to stabilize. Stochastic processes played a key role in microbial variability during short-term subsidence.
煤炭开采引起的地面沉降是一个重大环境问题，会对土壤结构造成严重破坏。对环境变化高度敏感的土壤微生物会相应地做出适应性变化。本研究聚焦于布尔代煤矿的四个区域：非沉降区（CK）、半年沉降区（HY）、一年沉降区（OY）和两年沉降区（TY）。我们采用高通量测序和分子生态网络分析方法，研究了这些区域土壤微生物群落的多样性和结构，探讨了微生物群落的组装过程和功能预测。结果表明，与对照相比，沉降区土壤含水量、有机质、有效磷和碱解氮均有所降低，其中一年沉降区的这些指标最低。这些指标在一年后开始上升，表明沉降稳定后土壤开始自然恢复。微生物群落与土壤有机质、含水量和碱解氮密切相关。在一年沉降期时，土壤性质的变化显著降低了微生物多样性，两年后微生物多样性开始恢复。一年沉降期的微生物网络较为简单，有102个节点、179条边，平均度为3.51，这表明早期沉降不稳定，微生物群落仍在适应过程中。到一年时，群落结构和相互作用已开始趋于稳定。随机过程在短期沉降过程中微生物变异性方面起着关键作用。
