Tjernberg Johanna, Helgesson Sara, Håkansson Anders, Hansson Helena
Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
JMIR Hum Factors. 2025 Jan 31;12:e66045. doi: 10.2196/66045.
Problem gambling and gambling disorder cause severe social, psychiatric, and financial consequences, and voluntary self-exclusion is a common harm reduction tool used by individuals with gambling problems.
The aim of this study was to explore users' experience of a novel nationwide, multioperator gambling self-exclusion service, "Spelpaus," in Sweden and to inform stakeholders and policy makers in order to improve harm reduction tools against gambling problems.
Semistructured interviews were conducted with 15 individuals who reported self-perceived gambling problems and who had experience of having used the self-exclusion service Spelpaus in Sweden. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed through qualitative content analysis.
We identified 3 categories and 8 subcategories. The categories were (1) reasons for the decision to self-exclude, (2) positive experiences, and (3) suggestions for improvement. The subcategories identified a number of reasons for self-exclusion, such as financial reasons and family reasons, and positive experiences described as a relief from gambling; in addition, important suggestions for improvement were cited, such as a more gradual return to gambling post-self-exclusion, better ways to address loopholes in the system, and transfer from self-exclusion to treatment.
Voluntary self-exclusion from gambling, using a nationwide multioperator service, remains an appreciated harm-reducing tool. However, transfer from self-exclusion to treatment should be facilitated by policy making, and loopholes allowing for breaching of the self-exclusion need to be counteracted.
问题赌博和赌博障碍会造成严重的社会、精神和经济后果，自愿自我禁戒是有赌博问题的个人常用的减少危害工具。
本研究旨在探索瑞典用户对一种新型的全国性、多运营商赌博自我禁戒服务“Spelpaus”的体验，并为利益相关者和政策制定者提供信息，以改进针对赌博问题的减少危害工具。
对15名报告有自我认知赌博问题且有使用瑞典自我禁戒服务Spelpaus经验的个人进行了半结构化访谈。访谈内容进行了转录，并通过定性内容分析进行了分析。
我们确定了3个类别和8个子类别。类别包括：（1）自我禁戒决定的原因，（2）积极体验，（3）改进建议。子类别确定了一些自我禁戒的原因，如经济原因和家庭原因，以及被描述为摆脱赌博的积极体验；此外，还提出了重要的改进建议，如自我禁戒后更逐步地恢复赌博、解决系统漏洞的更好方法以及从自我禁戒转向治疗。
使用全国性多运营商服务自愿自我禁戒赌博仍然是一种受欢迎的减少危害工具。然而，政策制定应促进从自我禁戒转向治疗，并且需要消除允许违反自我禁戒的漏洞。
