Mulaudzi Mamakiri, Tshabalala Gugulethu, Hornschuh Stefanie, Okyere-Dede Kofi Ebenezer, Wu Minjue, Ariyo Oluwatobi Ifeloluwa, Dietrich Janan J
African Social Sciences Unit of Research and Evaluation (ASSURE), Wits Health Consortium, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Perinatal HIV Research Unit (PHRU), School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
PLOS Digit Health. 2025 Jan 31;4(1):e0000672. doi: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000672. eCollection 2025 Jan.
Although South Africa is the global epicenter of the HIV epidemic, the uptake of HIV testing and treatment among young people remains low. Concerns about confidentiality impede the utilization of HIV prevention services, which signals the need for discrete HIV prevention measures that leverage youth-friendly platforms. This paper describes the process of developing a youth-friendly internet-enabled HIV risk calculator in collaboration with young people, including young key populations aged between 18 and 24 years old. Using qualitative research, we conducted an exploratory study with 40 young people including young key population (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) individuals, men who have sex with men (MSM), and female sex workers). Eligible participants were young people aged between 18-24 years old and living in Soweto. Data was collected through two peer group discussions with young people aged 18-24 years, a once-off group discussion with the [Name of clinic removed for confidentiality] adolescent community advisory board members and once off face-to-face in-depth interviews with young key population groups: LGBT individuals, MSM, and female sex workers. LGBT individuals are identified as key populations because they face increased vulnerability to HIV/AIDS and other health risks due to societal stigma, discrimination, and obstacles in accessing healthcare and support services. The measures used to collect data included a socio-demographic questionnaire, a questionnaire on mobile phone usage, an HIV and STI risk assessment questionnaire, and a semi-structured interview guide. Framework analysis was used to analyse qualitative data through a qualitative data analysis software called NVivo. Descriptive statistics were summarized using SPSS for participant socio-demographics and mobile phone usage. Of the 40 enrolled participants, 58% were male, the median age was 20 (interquartile range 19-22.75), and 86% had access to the internet. Participants' recommendations were considered in developing the HIV risk calculator. They indicated a preference for an easy-to-use, interactive, real-time assessment offering discrete and private means to self-assess HIV risk. In addition to providing feedback on the language and wording of the risk assessment tool, participants recommended creating a colorful, interactive and informational app. A collaborative and user-driven process is crucial for designing and developing HIV prevention tools for targeted groups. Participants emphasized that privacy, confidentiality, and ease of use contribute to the acceptability and willingness to use internet-enabled HIV prevention methods.
尽管南非是全球艾滋病流行的中心,但年轻人中艾滋病毒检测和治疗的接受率仍然很低。对保密性的担忧阻碍了艾滋病毒预防服务的利用,这表明需要利用对年轻人友好的平台采取离散的艾滋病毒预防措施。本文描述了与年轻人(包括年龄在18至24岁之间的年轻关键人群)合作开发一个对年轻人友好的、基于互联网的艾滋病毒风险计算器的过程。我们采用定性研究方法,对40名年轻人进行了一项探索性研究,其中包括年轻关键人群(女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋、跨性别者(LGBT)、男男性行为者(MSM)和女性性工作者)。符合条件的参与者是年龄在18至24岁之间、居住在索韦托的年轻人。数据通过与18至24岁的年轻人进行的两次同伴小组讨论、与[为保密已删除诊所名称]青少年社区咨询委员会成员进行的一次一次性小组讨论以及与年轻关键人群组(LGBT个体、男男性行为者和女性性工作者)进行的一次性面对面深入访谈收集。LGBT个体被确定为关键人群,因为由于社会耻辱、歧视以及在获得医疗保健和支持服务方面的障碍,他们面临着更高的感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病和其他健康风险的脆弱性。用于收集数据的措施包括一份社会人口学问卷、一份关于手机使用情况的问卷、一份艾滋病毒和性传播感染风险评估问卷以及一份半结构化访谈指南。通过名为NVivo的定性数据分析软件,采用框架分析来分析定性数据。使用SPSS对参与者的社会人口统计学和手机使用情况进行描述性统计总结。在40名登记参与者中,58%为男性,年龄中位数为20岁(四分位间距为19至22.75),86%能够使用互联网。在开发艾滋病毒风险计算器时考虑了参与者的建议。他们表示更喜欢易于使用、交互式的实时评估,提供离散和私密的自我评估艾滋病毒风险的方式。除了对风险评估工具的语言和措辞提供反馈外,参与者还建议创建一个色彩丰富、交互式且信息丰富的应用程序。对于为目标群体设计和开发艾滋病毒预防工具而言,协作和以用户为驱动的过程至关重要。参与者强调隐私、保密性和易用性有助于提高对基于互联网的艾滋病毒预防方法的可接受性和使用意愿。
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