Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
Research Institute of McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
BMJ Glob Health. 2021 Aug;6(9). doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006032.
INTRODUCTION: Implementation data for digital unsupervised HIV self-testing (HIVST) are sparse. We evaluated the impact of an app-based, personalised, oral HIVST program offered by healthcare workers in Western Cape, South Africa. METHODS: In a quasirandomised study (n=3095), we recruited consenting adults with undiagnosed HIV infection from township clinics. To the HIVST arm participants (n=1535), we offered a choice of an offsite (home, office or kiosk based), unsupervised digital HIVST program (n=962), or an onsite, clinic-based, supervised digital HIVST program (n=573) with 24/7 linkages services.With propensity score analyses, we compared outcomes (ie, linkages, new HIV infections and test referrals) with conventional HIV testing (ConvHT) arm participants (n=1560), recruited randomly from geographically separated clinics. RESULTS: In both arms, participants were young (HIVST vs ConvHT) (mean age: 28.2 years vs 29.2 years), female (65.0% vs 76.0%) and had monthly income <3000 rand (80.8% vs 75%).Participants chose unsupervised HIVST (62.7%) versus supervised HIVST and reported multiple sex partners (10.88% vs 8.7%), exposure to sex workers (1.4% vs 0.2%) and fewer comorbidities (0.9% vs 1.9%). Almost all HIVST participants were linked (unsupervised HIVST (99.7%), supervised HIVST (99.8%) vs ConvHT (98.5%)) (adj RR 1.012; 95% CI 1.005 to 1.018) with new HIV infections: overall HIVST (9%); supervised HIVST (10.9%) and unsupervised HIVST (7.6%) versus ConvHT (6.79%) (adj RR 1.305; 95% CI 1.023 to 1.665); test referrals: 16.7% HIVST versus 3.1% ConvHT (adj RR 5.435; 95% CI 4.024 to 7.340). CONCLUSIONS: Our flexible, personalised, app-based HIVST program, offered by healthcare workers, successfully linked almost all HIV self-testers, detected new infections and increased referrals to self-test. Data are relevant for digital HIVST initiatives worldwide.
介绍:数字无监督艾滋病毒自检(HIVST)的实施数据很少。我们评估了在南非西开普省由医疗保健工作者提供的基于应用程序的个性化口服 HIVST 计划的影响。
方法:在一项准随机研究(n=3095)中,我们从乡镇诊所招募了未经诊断的 HIV 感染的同意成年人。对于 HIVST 组参与者(n=1535),我们提供了场外(家庭、办公室或基于亭的)、无人监督的数字 HIVST 计划(n=962)或场内、诊所为基础、监督的数字 HIVST 计划(n=573)的选择,提供 24/7 链接服务。通过倾向评分分析,我们将结果(即链接、新的 HIV 感染和检测转介)与来自地理上分离的诊所的常规 HIV 检测(ConvHT)组参与者(n=1560)进行比较。
结果:在两个组中,参与者都很年轻(HIVST 与 ConvHT)(平均年龄:28.2 岁与 29.2 岁),女性(65.0%与 76.0%),月收入<3000 兰特(80.8%与 75.0%)。参与者选择无人监督的 HIVST(62.7%)而不是监督的 HIVST,并报告有多个性伴侣(10.88%与 8.7%)、接触性工作者(1.4%与 0.2%)和较少的合并症(0.9%与 1.9%)。几乎所有 HIVST 参与者都被链接(无人监督的 HIVST(99.7%),监督的 HIVST(99.8%)与 ConvHT(98.5%))(调整后的 RR 1.012;95%CI 1.005 至 1.018)与新的 HIV 感染:总体 HIVST(9%),监督的 HIVST(10.9%)和无人监督的 HIVST(7.6%)与 ConvHT(6.79%)(调整后的 RR 1.305;95%CI 1.023 至 1.665);检测转介:16.7%HIVST 与 3.1%ConvHT(调整后的 RR 5.435;95%CI 4.024 至 7.340)。
结论:我们的灵活、个性化、基于应用程序的 HIVST 计划,由医疗保健工作者提供,成功地将几乎所有 HIV 自检者联系起来,检测到新的感染,并增加了自检转介。这些数据与全球数字 HIVST 倡议有关。
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