Berendse Joseph, Johnson Harrison, Aanenson Cactus, Kappes John, Lemon Mike
South Dakota State University, College of Pharmacy & Allied Health Professions, Avera Health and Science Center 133, Box 2202C, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; Veterans Affairs Black Hills Health Care System, 113 Comanche Road, Fort Meade, SD 57741, USA.
Veterans Affairs Black Hills Health Care System, 113 Comanche Road, Fort Meade, SD 57741, USA.
Curr Pharm Teach Learn. 2025 Apr;17(4):102293. doi: 10.1016/j.cptl.2025.102293. Epub 2025 Jan 31.
Population-health management (PHM) is using healthcare analytics to target clinical interventions across a population. Many pharmacists are asked to engage in PHM, as these efforts improve outcomes. Veterans Health Administration has developed a population health dashboard (the Overdose Education and Naloxone Distribution [OEND] Dashboard) to identify patients eligible for naloxone, an opioid overdose reversal agent. Integrating PHM experiences within pharmacy education is supported by current curricular outcomes. Thus, the primary purpose of this project is to determine whether a naloxone-focused PHM experience has positive outcomes in terms of students' perceived skills, knowledge, and attitudes related to PHM and naloxone counseling.
This single-site, prospective, observational study examined fourth-year student pharmacists on their ambulatory care advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE). Students used the OEND Dashboard to independently make naloxone interventions throughout the rotation. A survey containing multiple Likert scale questions was administered at the beginning and end of the APPE to assess changes in students' perceived skills, knowledge, and attitudes related to PHM and naloxone counseling. Results were assessed using a two-tailed Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test for paired data.
Between August 2022 and August 2024, 30 students completed an APPE at the study site. Overall, there were positive changes on all six Likert scale items assessing the domains of perceived skills, knowledge, and attitudes. In the post-survey, 96.2 % (27/28) of students responded "Agree" or "Strongly Agree" to "I believe that my efforts on this rotation had a direct impact on patient safety."
Integration of a naloxone-focused PHM experience had positive outcomes in terms of students' perceived skills, knowledge, and attitudes toward the concepts of PHM and naloxone counseling.
人群健康管理（PHM）利用医疗分析针对整个人群进行临床干预。许多药剂师被要求参与PHM，因为这些努力能改善治疗效果。退伍军人健康管理局开发了一个人群健康仪表板（过量用药教育和纳洛酮分发[OEND]仪表板），以识别符合使用纳洛酮（一种阿片类药物过量逆转剂）条件的患者。当前的课程成果支持将PHM经验融入药学教育。因此，本项目的主要目的是确定以纳洛酮为重点的PHM经验在学生对PHM和纳洛酮咨询的感知技能、知识和态度方面是否有积极成果。
本单中心、前瞻性观察性研究考察了四年级学生药剂师的门诊高级药学实践经验（APPE）。学生们在轮转期间使用OEND仪表板独立进行纳洛酮干预。在APPE开始和结束时进行了一项包含多个李克特量表问题的调查，以评估学生对PHM和纳洛酮咨询的感知技能、知识和态度的变化。使用配对数据的双尾威尔科克森符号秩检验评估结果。
在2022年8月至2024年8月期间，30名学生在研究地点完成了APPE。总体而言，在评估感知技能、知识和态度领域的所有六个李克特量表项目上都有积极变化。在调查后，96.2%（27/28）的学生对“我相信我在这次轮转中的努力对患者安全有直接影响”这一陈述回答“同意”或“强烈同意”。
以纳洛酮为重点的PHM经验在学生对PHM概念和纳洛酮咨询的感知技能、知识和态度方面产生了积极成果。
