Nandhini Nithya, Chandrashekaraiah Praveen, Benzigar Reshma, Shivananjan Ramya, Arockiam A Selva
SN International Biomedical Research Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Sri Hasanamba Dental College and Hospital, Hasan, Karnataka, India.
Evid Based Dent. 2025 Mar;26(1):19-20. doi: 10.1038/s41432-025-01107-w. Epub 2025 Feb 1.
This prospective study involved 35 edentulous adults aged 50 years and older, treated at a dental clinic. Data were collected across four time points: baseline (T0), 3 months post-application of conventional complete dentures (CD; T1), and 3 and 6 months after the transition to implant-supported overdentures (IOD; T2 and T3). Patient outcomes were assessed using: Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA): To evaluate nutritional status, Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14): To measure oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and Chewing Ability Questionnaire: To document functional improvements.
Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) scores declined initially after transitioning to CDs (T0-T1) but stabilized following implant overdenture placement. Significant improvements were reported, with chewing difficulty decreasing from 91.4% at baseline to 51.4% at T3. Marked enhancements in OHIP-14 scores at T2 and T3, indicating better oral health perception.
While implant overdentures significantly improved chewing ability and quality of life, they did not lead to measurable improvements in nutritional status. The findings highlight the functional and psychosocial benefits of implant overdentures for older adults, suggesting that oral rehabilitation enhances overall well-being even without direct nutritional effects. This study provides a moderate level of evidence based on its prospective design, validated outcome measures, and clear findings related to chewing ability and oral health-related quality of life. However, the small sample size, lack of long-term follow-up, and absence of significant improvements in nutritional status suggest the need for further research to validate and strengthen these findings. Future studies with larger populations and extended observation perimplant overdentures are essential to enhance the robustness and generalizability of the evidence.
这项前瞻性研究纳入了35名年龄在50岁及以上的无牙颌成年人，他们均在一家牙科诊所接受治疗。在四个时间点收集数据：基线期（T0）、佩戴传统全口义齿（CD）3个月后（T1）、过渡到种植体支持式覆盖义齿（IOD）3个月和6个月后（T2和T3）。使用以下方法评估患者结局：微型营养评定法（MNA）：用于评估营养状况；口腔健康影响程度量表（OHIP-14）：用于测量口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL）；咀嚼能力问卷：用于记录功能改善情况。
过渡到CD后（T0-T1），MNA评分最初下降，但在种植体覆盖义齿植入后趋于稳定。报告显示有显著改善，咀嚼困难从基线时的91.4%降至T3时的51.4%。T2和T3时OHIP-14评分显著提高，表明口腔健康感知更好。
虽然种植体覆盖义齿显著改善了咀嚼能力和生活质量，但并未导致营养状况有可测量的改善。研究结果突出了种植体覆盖义齿对老年人的功能和心理社会益处，表明口腔修复即使没有直接的营养作用也能提高整体幸福感。本研究基于其前瞻性设计、经过验证的结局指标以及与咀嚼能力和口腔健康相关生活质量的明确研究结果，提供了中等水平的证据。然而，样本量小、缺乏长期随访以及营养状况无显著改善表明需要进一步研究来验证和加强这些发现。未来对更大人群进行研究并对种植体覆盖义齿进行更长时间的观察，对于增强证据的稳健性和可推广性至关重要。
