Saini Arzoo, Dilbaghi Neeraj, Yadav Neelam
Department of Biochemistry, School of Interdisciplinary & Applied Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Jant-Pali, Mahendergarh-123031, India.
Department of Biotechnology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar-125001, India.
Clin Chim Acta. 2025 Mar 1;569:120179. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2025.120179. Epub 2025 Feb 1.
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally, necessitating need for advancements of technologies for early therapeutics. Conventional detection methodologies often lag behind in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and cost-effectiveness, leading to delayed diagnosis and inadequate treatment. The need of advanced diagnostic techniques has considerably increased and led to the development of biosensors. Biosensing technologies offer several advantages over conventional methods hence, overcome limitations and improve diagnostic accuracy. Biosensors, particularly CRISPR-Cas based biosensors have emerged as a revolutionary technology for oncology diagnostics due to their high precision and adaptability. CRISPR-based biosensors provide remarkable precision, sensitivity, multiplexing capabilities, specificity, and rapidness for developing a cost-effective and portable point of care diagnostic device for cancer detection. In this review, we have discussed cancer pathogenicity, assessed the traditional detection techniques, and explored the advancements and advantages of biosensors, particularly CRISPR-based biosensors, in the detection of some major cancer types, namely lung, liver, colorectal, prostate, and cervical cancers. CRISPR-based biosensors represent a significant potential in cancer diagnostics, offering precise, cost-effective, and rapid detection of cancer biomarkers. The integration of CRISPR technology with biosensors holds substantial promise for enhancing early detection and improving patient outcomes in cancer diagnostics.
癌症仍然是全球发病和死亡的主要原因之一，因此需要推进早期治疗技术。传统的检测方法在灵敏度、特异性和成本效益方面往往滞后，导致诊断延迟和治疗不足。对先进诊断技术的需求大幅增加，从而推动了生物传感器的发展。生物传感技术相对于传统方法具有多个优势，因此能够克服局限性并提高诊断准确性。生物传感器，特别是基于CRISPR-Cas的生物传感器，因其高精度和适应性，已成为肿瘤诊断的革命性技术。基于CRISPR的生物传感器在开发用于癌症检测的经济高效且便携的即时诊断设备方面具有显著的精度、灵敏度、多重检测能力、特异性和快速性。在本综述中，我们讨论了癌症的致病性，评估了传统检测技术，并探讨了生物传感器，特别是基于CRISPR的生物传感器在检测一些主要癌症类型（即肺癌、肝癌、结直肠癌、前列腺癌和宫颈癌）方面的进展和优势。基于CRISPR的生物传感器在癌症诊断中具有巨大潜力，能够精确、经济高效且快速地检测癌症生物标志物。将CRISPR技术与生物传感器相结合，在提高癌症诊断的早期检测率和改善患者预后方面具有巨大前景。
