De Pasquale Claudia, Drommi Fabiana, Calabrò Alessia, Botta Cirino, Sidoti Migliore Giacomo, Carrega Paolo, Vento Grazia, Gaeini Amirhossein, Pezzino Gaetana, Freni José, Bonaccorsi Irene, Vitale Massimo, Filaci Gilberto, Fenoglio Daniela, Iemmo Raffaella, Costa Gregorio, Cavaliere Riccardo, Ferlazzo Guido, Campana Stefania
Laboratory of Immunology and Biotherapy, Department Human Pathology "G. Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2025 Jun;155(6):1981-1992. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2025.01.024. Epub 2025 Jan 31.
The Pfizer-BioNtech vaccine, also known as BNT162b2, was developed using a novel technology based on mRNA and protects against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) via induction of specific antibody and T-cell responses. Much less is known about the broader effects of this new class of vaccines on unconventional cellular components of the immune system.
We aimed to characterize a subset of unconventional T cells emerging following BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination.
Peripheral blood from a total of 30 human healthy individuals who received 2 doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine was collected for the analysis of T-cell compartment by using multiparametric flow cytometry and single-cell transcriptome analyses.
In the peripheral blood of individuals undergoing BNT162b2 vaccination, we observed a sizable fraction of CD8 T cells expressing CD16, a low-affinity FcR for IgG. These cells were severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2-specific, characterized by IFN-γ response gene transcripts and stimulation through CD16 and other natural killer (NK)-cell innate receptors elicited a functional response. Both CD16 and NKp30 could be induced on NKp80 CD8 T cells and the engagement of NKp80 in combination with CD16 resulted in synergic effects. CD16 CD8 T cells also showed a high expression of the inhibitory receptor G protein-coupled receptor 56 (GPR56), capable of limiting their activation via CD16.
These data indicate that BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccination provides an additional large fraction of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)-capable effector cells, endowed with innate functions and therefore able to potentially counteract a much wider array of diseases, including cancer.
辉瑞 - 生物科技疫苗，也称为BNT162b2，是基于信使核糖核酸（mRNA）的新技术研发而成，通过诱导特异性抗体和T细胞反应来预防2019冠状病毒病（COVID - 19）。对于这类新型疫苗对免疫系统非常规细胞成分的更广泛影响，人们了解得较少。
我们旨在对BNT162b2 mRNA疫苗接种后出现的非常规T细胞亚群进行特征描述。
收集了总共30名接受2剂BNT162b2 mRNA疫苗的健康个体的外周血，通过多参数流式细胞术和单细胞转录组分析来分析T细胞区室。
在接受BNT162b2疫苗接种的个体外周血中，我们观察到相当一部分表达CD16（一种对IgG亲和力低的Fc受体）的CD8 T细胞。这些细胞对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2具有特异性，以干扰素 - γ反应基因转录本为特征，通过CD16和其他自然杀伤（NK）细胞固有受体刺激可引发功能性反应。CD16和NKp30均可在NKp80 CD8 T细胞上诱导产生，且NKp80与CD16结合会产生协同效应。CD16 CD8 T细胞还显示出抑制性受体G蛋白偶联受体56（GPR56）的高表达，该受体能够通过CD16限制其激活。
这些数据表明，BNT162b2 COVID - 19疫苗接种可提供另外很大一部分具有抗体依赖性细胞毒性（ADCC）能力的效应细胞，这些细胞具有固有功能，因此有可能对抗更广泛的一系列疾病，包括癌症。
