El Shafei Sara F, Amin Ayman H, Abdelghaffar Eman G, Moataz Sara, Makkeyah Fatma, Shamel Mohamed, Al Ankily Mahmoud
Faculty of Dentistry, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt.
Fixed Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt.
BMC Oral Health. 2025 Feb 2;25(1):179. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-05448-x.
This study compares the effect of conventional cigarette smoke versus heated tobacco on the discoloration, surface roughness, and bacterial colonization of different oral prosthesis materials.
A total of one hundred and twenty disc-shaped samples made of four different denture base materials were prepared to represent different denture bases to assess the surface roughness and biofilm formation; group (CA): conventional heat-cured acrylic resin (Acrostone, Egypt), group (FA): flexible acrylic resin (Valplast International Corp, USA), group (TA): heat-cured acrylic resin reinforced with titanium nanoparticles (TA nanoparticles, Nanogate, Egypt), and group (PA): 3D printed acrylic resin (Nexdent, The Netherlands). Another sixty samples of artificial and 3D printed teeth were used to assess the color change: conventional ready-made acrylic resin teeth (Acrostone, Egypt) and 3D-printed acrylic resin teeth (Nexdent, The Netherlands). Each group was further divided according to the smoking method into three subgroups (n = 10): the no-smoking exposure group (C), the conventional smoking exposure group (CS), and the heated tobacco exposure group (HT). A custom-made smoking device was used to perform the experiment. Six hundred cigarettes/heets representing 30 days of medium smoking behavior (20 cigarettes/day) were used. The surface roughness of the disc-shaped samples was measured before and after the experiment using the JITAI8101 surface roughness tester (Beijing Jitai Tech Detection Device Co., Ltd, China), and the color parameters were assessed before and after the experiment using VITA Easyshade Advance 4.01 (VITA shade, VITA made, VITA).
The results showed that both conventional cigarette smoking and heated tobacco increased the surface roughness of the denture base disc samples. This change was statistically significant in all sample groups. Bacterial accumulation was also increased in all four denture base sample groups, with the heated tobacco causing greater bacterial accumulation than conventional cigarette smoke. Regarding the color change, conventional smoking caused a more significant color change than heated tobacco for both types of teeth used.
Both conventional smoke and heated tobacco affect dental materials adversely. Conventional cigarette smoking caused greater surface roughness and discoloration of the samples, while heated tobacco resulted in greater bacterial accumulation of study materials.
Increase dentists' and patients' awareness of the effects of different types of smoke.
本研究比较传统香烟烟雾与加热烟草对不同口腔修复材料变色、表面粗糙度和细菌定植的影响。
制备了120个由四种不同义齿基托材料制成的圆盘形样本，以代表不同的义齿基托，用于评估表面粗糙度和生物膜形成；组（CA）：传统热固化丙烯酸树脂（Acrostone，埃及），组（FA）：柔性丙烯酸树脂（Valplast International Corp，美国），组（TA）：用钛纳米颗粒增强的热固化丙烯酸树脂（TA纳米颗粒，Nanogate，埃及），组（PA）：3D打印丙烯酸树脂（Nexdent，荷兰）。另外使用60个假牙和3D打印牙齿样本评估颜色变化：传统现成丙烯酸树脂牙（Acrostone，埃及）和3D打印丙烯酸树脂牙（Nexdent，荷兰）。每组根据吸烟方式进一步分为三个亚组（n = 10）：无吸烟暴露组（C）、传统吸烟暴露组（CS）和加热烟草暴露组（HT）。使用定制的吸烟装置进行实验。使用代表30天中等吸烟行为（每天20支香烟）的600支香烟/薄片。实验前后使用JITAI8101表面粗糙度测试仪（北京吉泰科技检测设备有限公司，中国）测量圆盘形样本的表面粗糙度，实验前后使用VITA Easyshade Advance 4.01（VITA色度，VITA制造，VITA）评估颜色参数。
结果表明，传统香烟吸烟和加热烟草均增加了义齿基托圆盘样本的表面粗糙度。这种变化在所有样本组中均具有统计学意义。所有四个义齿基托样本组中的细菌积聚也有所增加，加热烟草比传统香烟烟雾导致更多的细菌积聚。关于颜色变化，对于所使用的两种类型的牙齿，传统吸烟比加热烟草引起更显著的颜色变化。
传统烟雾和加热烟草均对牙科材料产生不利影响。传统香烟吸烟导致样本表面粗糙度和变色更大，而加热烟草导致研究材料的细菌积聚更多。
提高牙医和患者对不同类型烟雾影响的认识。
