Maqbool Sanam, Ramzan Tahrim, Haider Arslan, Waraich Ejaz Ahmad, Fatima Aleeha, Siddiqui Manzer H, Alamri Saud, Parveen Abida, Ur Rehman Hafeez
Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan.
Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan.
ACS Omega. 2025 Jan 13;10(3):3054-3066. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c09941. eCollection 2025 Jan 28.
Wheat ( L.) is a key cereal crop broadly consumed across the earth. Nonetheless, abiotic stressor influences such as toxic metals severely limit its production. Thiourea (TU) is a sulfur-rich organic molecule that reduces the negative effects of environmental stresses such as heavy metals, including lead (Pb). Thus, the ongoing experiment was designed to assess the impact of thiourea amendment through soil (0 and 100 mg/L) on wheat cultivars Akbar 19 (V) and Ghazi 11 (V) under lead stress (0 mM and 15 mM Pb). The morphological features of the two cultivars (V and V), comprising the fresh weight of shoots (17 and 23%), fresh weight of roots (31 and 26%), leaf area (22 and 10.9%), and total chlorophyll content (16%), were all decreased due to the toxic effects of stress caused by heavy metals. However, treatment of thiourea through soil allowed counteracting the decrease in biomass caused by heavy metals. It improved the initial weight of the shoots upto (12.5 and 14.2%), roots by (37.5 and 24%), leaf surface area upto (17.6 and 7.9%), and total chlorophyll contents (18 and 9.9%) while decreasing the MDA levels by (16.9 and 22.3%) and the activities of HO upto (16 and 11.5%), root Pb activity upto (8.9 and 35%) and shoot Pb activity by (12.9 and 23.8%), grain concentration upto (25 and 7.56%), soil Pb content were reduced by(17 and 16%), in both varieties (V as well as V). Overall results indicate that treating wheat crops cultivated in pots with external thiourea decreased the damage from oxidation caused by lead and enhanced the antioxidant activity and ionic concentrations. Furthermore, all morpho-physiological parameters exhibited that Ghazi 11 (V) performed better relative to Akbar 19 (V). Nevertheless, note that research on wheat by application of thiourea-triggered changes in cultivation under heavy metal stress is still in its earliest stages, requiring more investigation to apply in wide fields.
小麦（L.）是一种全球广泛食用的关键谷类作物。然而，诸如有毒金属等非生物胁迫因素严重限制了其产量。硫脲（TU）是一种富含硫的有机分子，可减轻包括铅（Pb）在内的重金属等环境胁迫的负面影响。因此，本实验旨在评估在铅胁迫（0 mM和15 mM Pb）下，通过土壤添加硫脲（0和100 mg/L）对小麦品种阿克巴19（V）和加齐11（V）的影响。两个品种（V和V）的形态特征，包括地上部鲜重（分别降低17%和23%）、根部鲜重（分别降低31%和26%）、叶面积（分别降低22%和10.9%）以及总叶绿素含量（降低16%），均因重金属胁迫的毒性作用而下降。然而，通过土壤施用硫脲能够抵消重金属导致的生物量下降。它使地上部初始重量提高了（分别为12.5%和14.2%），根部提高了（分别为37.5%和24%），叶表面积提高了（分别为17.6%和7.9%），总叶绿素含量提高了（分别为18%和9.9%），同时丙二醛（MDA）水平降低了（分别为16.9%和22.3%），超氧化物歧化酶（HO）活性降低了（分别为16%和11.5%），根部铅活性降低了（分别为8.9%和35%），地上部铅活性降低了（分别为12.9%和23.8%），籽粒铅浓度降低了（分别为25%和7.56%），土壤铅含量降低了（分别为17%和16%），两个品种（V以及V）均如此。总体结果表明，用外源硫脲处理盆栽种植的小麦作物可降低铅引起的氧化损伤，并增强抗氧化活性和离子浓度。此外，所有形态生理参数均显示加齐11（V）相对于阿克巴19（V）表现更好。然而，请注意，关于在重金属胁迫下通过施用硫脲引发种植变化对小麦的研究仍处于早期阶段，需要更多研究以便在广泛领域应用。
