Physical Activity and Health Research Group ('PaHerg'), Research Institute of the Hospital 12 de Octubre ('imas12'), Madrid, Spain.
Systems Biology Department, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain.
Nat Rev Immunol. 2024 Apr;24(4):282-293. doi: 10.1038/s41577-023-00943-0. Epub 2023 Oct 4.
Regular physical activity is associated with lower cancer incidence and mortality, as well as with a lower rate of tumour recurrence. The epidemiological evidence is supported by preclinical studies in animal models showing that regular exercise delays the progression of cancer, including highly aggressive malignancies. Although the mechanisms underlying the antitumorigenic effects of exercise remain to be defined, an improvement in cancer immunosurveillance is likely important, with different immune cell subtypes stimulated by exercise to infiltrate tumours. There is also evidence that immune cells from blood collected after an exercise bout could be used as adoptive cell therapy for cancer. In this Perspective, we address the importance of muscular activity for maintaining a healthy immune system and discuss the effects of a single bout of exercise (that is, 'acute' exercise) and those of 'regular' exercise (that is, repeated bouts) on anticancer immunity, including tumour infiltrates. We also address the postulated mechanisms and the clinical implications of this emerging area of research.
定期进行身体活动与较低的癌症发病率和死亡率相关，也与较低的肿瘤复发率相关。临床前研究在动物模型中提供了证据支持，表明定期运动可延缓癌症的进展，包括高度侵袭性的恶性肿瘤。虽然运动对肿瘤发生的抗肿瘤作用的机制仍有待确定，但改善癌症免疫监视可能很重要，不同的免疫细胞亚型通过运动刺激浸润肿瘤。也有证据表明，运动后采集的血液中的免疫细胞可被用作癌症的过继细胞疗法。在本观点中，我们探讨了肌肉活动对于维持健康免疫系统的重要性，并讨论了单次运动（即“急性”运动）和多次运动（即重复运动）对抗癌免疫，包括肿瘤浸润的影响。我们还讨论了该研究领域的推测机制和临床意义。
