Randrianarisoa Rova Malala Fandresena, Randrianambininjanahary Sakaiza Malala Florine, Randriamihangy Narindrarimanana Avisoa, Ralison Fidiarivony
Internal Medicine, University Hospital Joseph Raseta Befelatanana, Antananarivo, MDG.
Department of Medical Imaging, Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona Hospital, Antananarivo, MDG.
Cureus. 2025 Jan 1;17(1):e76735. doi: 10.7759/cureus.76735. eCollection 2025 Jan.
Introduction In recent decades, the prevalence of hypertension has decreased in high-income countries but remains high in sub-Saharan Africa. However, epidemiologic data are still lacking in some regions, such as Madagascar. This study shows the reality of hypertension and cardiovascular health in Africa's remotest regions. Our aim was to report the prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors in a city in Madagascar. Materials and methods This was a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study conducted in 2019, including adults aged ≥ 18 years residing in the city of Toliara, located in the south of Madagascar. Hypertension was defined according to the recommendations of the European Society of Cardiology and the European Society of Hypertension. Results Of the 331 individuals included in the study, 62 (18.73%) had hypertension. The prevalence was 22.70% in men (n = 37) and 14.88% in women (n = 25), and 61.54% in those aged ≥ 60 years. Grade 1 hypertension was found in 45.16% (n = 28) and both systolic and diastolic hypertension in 43.55% (n = 27). The rates of treated and controlled hypertension were 45.16% (n = 28) and 17.74% (n = 11), respectively. After statistical adjustment, advanced age (p = 0.001) and short sleep duration (p = 0.004) were significant associated factors. Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension was low. The associated factors were well described in the literature. The rates of treated and controlled hypertension were very low, reflecting a failure of our healthcare system.
引言 近几十年来，高血压在高收入国家的患病率有所下降，但在撒哈拉以南非洲地区仍然很高。然而，马达加斯加等一些地区仍缺乏流行病学数据。本研究揭示了非洲最偏远地区高血压和心血管健康的实际情况。我们的目的是报告马达加斯加一个城市的高血压患病率及其相关因素。材料与方法 这是一项于2019年进行的横断面描述性和分析性研究，纳入了居住在马达加斯加南部图利亚拉市的18岁及以上成年人。高血压根据欧洲心脏病学会和欧洲高血压学会的建议进行定义。结果 本研究纳入的331名个体中，62人（18.73%）患有高血压。男性患病率为22.70%（n = 37），女性患病率为14.88%（n = 25），60岁及以上人群患病率为61.54%。1级高血压患者占45.16%（n = 28），收缩压和舒张压均高的患者占43.55%（n = 27）。接受治疗和血压得到控制的高血压患者比例分别为45.16%（n = 28）和17.74%（n = 11）。经过统计调整后，高龄（p = 0.001）和睡眠时间短（p = 0.004）是显著的相关因素。结论 高血压患病率较低。相关因素在文献中已有充分描述。接受治疗和血压得到控制的高血压患者比例非常低，反映出我们医疗系统的不足。
