Kasper W, Meinertz T, Just H
Klin Wochenschr. 1985 Mar 1;63(5):193-204. doi: 10.1007/BF01731169.
The suprasternal approach can be used to image the aortic arch, the right pulmonary artery and the left atrium. Dilatation or dissections involving the aortic arch were detected echocardiographically from the suprasternal notch. The echocardiogram of the right pulmonary artery is altered in cases of acute and chronic pulmonary hypertension. Intrapulmonary thrombi in patients with acute pulmonary embolism were visualized with this technique. A volume overloading of the pulmonary circulation due to a congenital left to right shunt, as well as a decreased pulmonary blood flow due to a congenital right to left shunt causes characteristic changes in the wall motion pattern of the right pulmonary artery. Hypoplasia or aplasia of the central pulmonary arteries can be diagnosed as well. Imaging of the left atrium from the suprasternal notch may help to differentiate between supraventricular and ventricular rhythm disturbances. The suprasternal approach is therefore recommended to be used as a routine part of each echocardiographic examination.
胸骨上入路可用于对主动脉弓、右肺动脉和左心房进行成像。从胸骨上切迹可通过超声心动图检测到累及主动脉弓的扩张或夹层。在急慢性肺动脉高压病例中，右肺动脉的超声心动图会发生改变。该技术可显示急性肺栓塞患者的肺内血栓。先天性左向右分流导致的肺循环容量超负荷，以及先天性右向左分流导致的肺血流量减少，都会引起右肺动脉壁运动模式的特征性改变。中央肺动脉发育不全或发育异常也可被诊断出来。从胸骨上切迹对左心房进行成像可能有助于鉴别室上性和室性心律失常。因此，建议将胸骨上入路作为每次超声心动图检查的常规部分。
