Sun Yi, Peng Zuoying, Liang Hua
Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China.
School of Basic Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China.
Front Cardiovasc Med. 2025 Jan 20;12:1511222. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2025.1511222. eCollection 2025.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide, imposing a major burden on morbidity, quality of life, and societal costs, making prevention of CVD a top public health priority. Extensive research has pointed out that lack of adequate physical activity in life is one of the key risk factors for heart disease. Indeed, moderate exercise is not only beneficial to the heart in healthy populations, but also exerts a protective effect in pathological states. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective effects of exercise are still not fully understood. An increasing body of research indicates that variations in the epigenetic system-such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and production of non-coding RNA-are essential for maintaining heart health and preventing heart disease. Exercise is a potent epigenetic modulator that induces direct and long-lasting genetic changes and activates biological signals associated with cardiovascular health. These changes can be influenced by external stimuli such as physical activity and may even be passed on to offspring, thus providing a mechanism for generating genetic effects through behavioral interventions. Therefore, understanding this relationship can help identify potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets associated with CVD. This study aims to provide an overview of the beneficial effects of exercise on heart health. This information may help guide future research efforts and improve our understanding of epigenetics as a therapeutic, prognostic, and diagnostic biomarker for CVD.
心血管疾病（CVD）仍然是全球主要的死因，给发病率、生活质量和社会成本带来了重大负担，这使得预防心血管疾病成为公共卫生的首要任务。广泛的研究指出，生活中缺乏足够的体育活动是心脏病的关键风险因素之一。事实上，适度运动不仅对健康人群的心脏有益，而且在病理状态下也具有保护作用。然而，运动对心脏保护作用的分子机制仍未完全了解。越来越多的研究表明，表观遗传系统的变化，如DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰和非编码RNA的产生，对于维持心脏健康和预防心脏病至关重要。运动是一种强大的表观遗传调节剂，可诱导直接和持久的基因变化，并激活与心血管健康相关的生物信号。这些变化可能受到身体活动等外部刺激的影响，甚至可能传递给后代，从而为通过行为干预产生遗传效应提供一种机制。因此，了解这种关系有助于识别与心血管疾病相关的潜在生物标志物和治疗靶点。本研究旨在概述运动对心脏健康的有益影响。这些信息可能有助于指导未来的研究工作，并增进我们对表观遗传学作为心血管疾病治疗、预后和诊断生物标志物的理解。
