Wang Yingying, Zhang Dongyan, Huang Xueping, Wu Guohao, Wang Chuanbao, Li Jun, Wang Song, Xian Xinmiao, Fu Bo, Li Keyi
School of Stomatology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, PR China.
Department of Precision Biomedical Key Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Aging Intervention and Active Health, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, PR China.
Mol Biol Rep. 2025 Feb 4;52(1):197. doi: 10.1007/s11033-025-10319-3.
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are aberrant lymphoid tissues found in persistent inflammatory settings, including malignancies, autoimmune disorders, and transplanted organs. The organization and architecture of TLS closely resemble that of secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs). The formation of TLS is an ongoing process, with varying structural features observed at different stages of maturation. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a multifaceted milieu comprising cells, molecules, and extracellular matrix components in close proximity to the neoplasm. TLS within the TME have the capacity to actively elicit anti-tumor immune responses. TLSs exhibit tumor-specific and individual-specific characteristics, leading to varying immune responses towards tumor immunity based on their distinct cellular components, maturity levels, and spatial distribution. Cell interaction is the foundational elements of tumor immunity. Despite differences in the cellular composition of TLS, B cells and T cells are the main components of tumor-associated TLS。Recent research has highlighted the significance of diverse subtypes of B cells and T cells within TLSs in influencing the therapeutic outcomes and prognostic indicators of individual tumors. This review elucidates the diversity of TLS in terms of cellular composition, developmental stage, anatomical location, and the influence of cytokines on their initiation and progression. Furthermore, the article examines the involvement of B and T cells within TLS and the significance of TLS in relation to tumor prognosis.
三级淋巴结构（TLSs）是在持续性炎症环境中发现的异常淋巴组织，包括恶性肿瘤、自身免疫性疾病和移植器官。TLS的组织和结构与二级淋巴器官（SLOs）非常相似。TLS的形成是一个持续的过程，在成熟的不同阶段观察到不同的结构特征。肿瘤微环境（TME）是一个多方面的环境，由紧邻肿瘤的细胞、分子和细胞外基质成分组成。TME中的TLS有能力积极引发抗肿瘤免疫反应。TLS表现出肿瘤特异性和个体特异性特征，基于其不同的细胞成分、成熟水平和空间分布，对肿瘤免疫产生不同的免疫反应。细胞相互作用是肿瘤免疫的基础要素。尽管TLS的细胞组成存在差异，但B细胞和T细胞是肿瘤相关TLS的主要成分。最近的研究强调了TLS内不同亚型的B细胞和T细胞在影响个体肿瘤的治疗结果和预后指标方面的重要性。这篇综述从细胞组成、发育阶段、解剖位置以及细胞因子对其起始和进展的影响等方面阐明了TLS的多样性。此外，本文还探讨了TLS内B细胞和T细胞的参与情况以及TLS与肿瘤预后的关系。
