Lin Long
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2025 Apr;93:102469. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102469. Epub 2025 Feb 3.
Protein secretion is essential for cellular communication and function, enabling the delivery of both soluble and integral membrane proteins to the extracellular space and the cell surface. While the classical endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi pathway has been extensively studied, emerging evidence highlights the existence of unconventional protein secretion (UcPS) pathways. Among these, the mechanisms that enable membrane proteins to bypass the Golgi apparatus remain poorly understood. In this review, I discuss recent advances that shed light on the processes governing Golgi-bypassing membrane secretion. These findings reveal that UcPS of membrane proteins is evolutionarily conserved, operates under both physiological and stress conditions, and involves diverse intermediate carriers and molecular players. Looking ahead, advances in technology and the development of more sophisticated functional assays, along with in vivo models, are expected to further unravel the molecular mechanisms and biological roles of these unconventional pathways.
蛋白质分泌对于细胞通讯和功能至关重要，它能将可溶性蛋白和整合膜蛋白输送到细胞外空间和细胞表面。虽然经典的内质网-高尔基体途径已得到广泛研究，但新出现的证据凸显了非传统蛋白质分泌（UcPS）途径的存在。其中，使膜蛋白绕过高尔基体的机制仍知之甚少。在这篇综述中，我讨论了最近的进展，这些进展揭示了高尔基体绕过膜分泌的调控过程。这些发现表明，膜蛋白的UcPS在进化上是保守的，在生理和应激条件下均起作用，并且涉及多种中间载体和分子参与者。展望未来，技术进步以及更复杂的功能检测方法的开发，连同体内模型，有望进一步揭示这些非传统途径的分子机制和生物学作用。
