Friedländer quinoline synthesis is one of the most important and simplest methods among the various reported methodologies for quinoline synthesis, renowned for its efficiency and versatility. The reaction involves the condensation of a 2-aminobenzaldehyde with a ketone, forming polysubstituted quinolines. This review comprehensively examined diverse catalytic approaches developed to optimize the Friedländer reaction, highlighting recent advancements and their impact on reaction efficiency, selectivity, and environmental sustainability. The discussion encompassed traditional catalysts and emerging catalytic systems, including ionic liquids, metal-organic frameworks, polymers, and nanocatalysts. Additionally, the review addresses the influence of various catalytic environments on reaction outcomes. By collating and critically analyzing recent advancements, this review aims to provide a valuable resource for researchers seeking to leverage these catalytic strategies for synthesizing quinoline derivatives.