Robinson Kealagh, Grey Isabella, Broodryk Terise, Hove Lisa Van, Wilson Marc S
School of Psychology, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand.
School of Psychology, Te Herenga Waka - Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2025 Mar;59(3):270-281. doi: 10.1177/00048674241312797. Epub 2025 Feb 5.
Understanding of nonsuicidal self-injury relies almost exclusively on adolescent and emerging adult samples. We investigated the prevalence of lifetime and past-year nonsuicidal self-injury among New Zealanders aged 16-75 years and above, before evaluating if established associations between nonsuicidal self-injury, and demographic and psychological characteristics generalise to adults.
New Zealand adults ( = 4906; median age 55-59 years; 55.5% female) completed a cross-sectional survey assessing lifetime and past-year nonsuicidal self-injury, psychological distress, self-esteem, emotion dysregulation, and social desirability susceptibility.
Nonsuicidal self-injury was common among adults; 25.6% participants reported ever self-injuring and 10.7% had done so at least once in the past year. Women and younger participants were more likely to report lifetime self-injury. Although younger participants were also more likely to report past-year self-injury than older participants, this age effect was attenuated for men ( = -0.09) compared to women ( = -0.18). Self-esteem (odds ratios 0.74, 0.74), psychological distress (odds ratios 1.09, 1.16), emotion dysregulation (odds ratios 2.05, 1.88), and desire to manage others' impressions of oneself (odds ratios 0.88, 0.85) were uniquely associated with both lifetime and past-year nonsuicidal self-injury, respectively, and these effects were not moderated by age.
Although self-injury was most common among emerging adults, adults of all ages reported self-injuring. Individuals with a greater desire to manage how others perceive them appeared to underreport their nonsuicidal self-injury. While men were less likely than women to self-injure, they may also be more likely to continue self-injuring over adulthood, suggesting that the developmental factors which drive self-injury cessation among adults differ for men and women.
对非自杀性自伤行为的理解几乎完全依赖于青少年和刚成年的样本。我们调查了16至75岁及以上新西兰人群中终生及过去一年非自杀性自伤行为的患病率，然后评估非自杀性自伤行为与人口统计学及心理特征之间已确立的关联是否适用于成年人。
新西兰成年人（n = 4906；年龄中位数55 - 59岁；55.5%为女性）完成了一项横断面调查，评估终生及过去一年的非自杀性自伤行为、心理困扰、自尊、情绪失调和社会期望易感性。
非自杀性自伤行为在成年人中很常见；25.6%的参与者报告曾有过自伤行为，10.7%的参与者在过去一年至少自伤过一次。女性和年轻参与者更有可能报告终生自伤行为。尽管年轻参与者比年长参与者更有可能报告过去一年的自伤行为，但与女性（β = -0.18）相比，男性的这种年龄效应减弱（β = -0.09）。自尊（优势比0.74，0.74）、心理困扰（优势比1.09，1.16）、情绪失调（优势比2.05，1.88）以及管理他人对自己印象的欲望（优势比0.88，0.85）分别与终生及过去一年的非自杀性自伤行为独特相关，且这些效应不受年龄影响。
尽管自伤行为在刚成年的人群中最为常见，但各年龄段的成年人都报告有自伤行为。更渴望控制他人对自己看法的个体似乎少报了他们的非自杀性自伤行为。虽然男性自伤的可能性低于女性，但他们在成年后也更有可能持续自伤，这表明促使成年人停止自伤的发展因素在男性和女性中有所不同。
Zotero 插件