Ramos Jeferson Vidart, Merched Verônica Rocha, Ribeiro Laura Dias da Silva, Rattmann Guilherme Neves Lima, Piraine Renan Eugênio Araújo, Leite Fabio Pereira Leivas
Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
Rev Bras Parasitol Vet. 2025 Feb 3;34(1):e017724. doi: 10.1590/S1984-29612025005. eCollection 2025.
A complex interaction of gastrointestinal parasites with sheep hosts may involve bacteria communities, parasite genera, parasitic genes, and biological pathways. Haemonchus contortus presents a global challenge for ruminants, and the bacterial community can influence sheep's resistance and susceptibility to these parasites. Thus, a better understanding of this complex interaction could contribute to the development of a new approach to parasite control. This study evaluated the bacterial community of Corriedale sheep naturally infected with H. contortus based on the fecal egg counts over ten months and then classified as having low (LC), intermediate (IC), or high (HC). Stool samples were collected monthly for egg counts (EPG), and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on five animals from each group. The average EPG was 2,635 ± 105 for HC, 845 ± 129 for IC, and 110 ± 70 for LC, with a significant difference (p = 0.0001). Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Spirochaetes were more abundant in the HC group. 102 bacterial genera showed significant differences between the LC and HC groups. Beta diversity was statistically different (p<0.005) for HC compared with the other two groups; also, different communities were found between LC and HC. Sediminispirochaeta, Oribacterium, Alloprevotella, Prevotellaceae_UCG-001, Prevotellaceae_UCG-003, Ruminiclostridium_6 and Ruminococcus_1were significant more abundant in LC, and IC group. Acetobacter and Methanocorpusculum had a significant reduction in the LC group. Thus, bacterial genera related to low methane emission and food efficiency were significantly present in the LC group. Therefore, a better understanding of the role of host-bacterial community-parasite interaction could contribute to improving parasite control management.
胃肠道寄生虫与绵羊宿主之间的复杂相互作用可能涉及细菌群落、寄生虫属、寄生基因和生物途径。捻转血矛线虫对反刍动物构成了全球性挑战，并且细菌群落会影响绵羊对这些寄生虫的抗性和易感性。因此，更好地理解这种复杂的相互作用有助于开发新的寄生虫控制方法。本研究基于十个月内的粪便虫卵计数，对自然感染捻转血矛线虫的考力代绵羊的细菌群落进行了评估，然后将其分为低感染组（LC）、中等感染组（IC）或高感染组（HC）。每月采集粪便样本进行虫卵计数（每克粪便虫卵数，EPG），并对每组的五只动物进行16S rRNA基因测序。HC组的平均EPG为2635±105，IC组为845±129，LC组为110±70，差异显著（p = 0.0001）。厚壁菌门、变形菌门和螺旋体门在HC组中更为丰富。102个细菌属在LC组和HC组之间表现出显著差异。与其他两组相比，HC组的β多样性在统计学上有差异（p<0.005）；此外，LC组和HC组之间发现了不同的群落。泥螺旋体属、口腔杆菌属、别普雷沃菌属、普雷沃菌科_UCG-001、普雷沃菌科_UCG-003、瘤胃梭菌属_6和瘤胃球菌属_1在LC组和IC组中显著更为丰富。醋杆菌属和甲烷微粒菌属在LC组中显著减少。因此，与低甲烷排放和食物效率相关的细菌属在LC组中显著存在。因此，更好地理解宿主-细菌群落-寄生虫相互作用的作用有助于改善寄生虫控制管理。
