Eidelman B H, Nielsen V K, Møller M, Jannetta P J
Neurology. 1985 May;35(5):712-6. doi: 10.1212/wnl.35.5.712.
Hemifacial spasm is usually an isolated symptom resulting from facial nerve root compression. Three patients had, in addition, tinnitus, hearing loss, facial sensory loss, diminished gag reflex, dysphagia, and dysarthria. Acoustic reflexes were abnormal, and facial nerve conduction studies showed evidence of ephaptic transmission and ectopic excitation. Brain CT and metrizamide cisternography were normal. Surgical exploration showed compression of cranial nerve roots by posterior inferior cerebellar artery branches. After decompression, symptoms abated, and electrical signs of hemifacial spasm disappeared. Vascular compression of nerve roots in the cerebellopontine recess may cause multiple cranial neuropathy.
半面痉挛通常是由面神经根部受压引起的孤立症状。另外有3例患者伴有耳鸣、听力丧失、面部感觉丧失、咽反射减弱、吞咽困难和构音障碍。听觉反射异常，面神经传导研究显示有突触外传递和异位兴奋的证据。脑部CT和甲泛葡胺脑池造影均正常。手术探查显示小脑后下动脉分支对颅神经根有压迫。减压后，症状减轻，半面痉挛的电信号消失。小脑脑桥角隐窝神经根的血管压迫可能导致多发性颅神经病变。
