Horwood L J, Fergusson D M, Shannon F T
Pediatrics. 1985 May;75(5):859-68.
The role of social and familial factors in the development of childhood asthma by age 6 years was studied in a birth cohort of New Zealand children. Rates of asthma varied markedly with the child's sex; boys had twice the rate of asthma as girls. In addition, the factors associated with asthma varied with the child's sex. For boys, wheeze during infancy, early eczema, and parental asthma were all significant risk factors; for girls, the only risk factor was early eczema. Proportional hazards modeling of the data failed to show any significant associations between the development of asthma and a large range of other social and familial factors including breast-feeding, parental smoking habits, pets in the child's family, stress in the family, or family social background. It was concluded that asthma in early childhood appeared to be inherited to some extent, its age of expression was related to the child's sex, and it had a complex interaction with other forms of allergic disease. There was no evidence to suggest that the structure, practices, or dynamics of the child's family played a significant role in the development of asthma for children in this birth cohort.
在一组新西兰儿童出生队列中，研究了社会和家庭因素在6岁儿童患哮喘病过程中的作用。哮喘发病率因儿童性别差异显著；男孩患哮喘的几率是女孩的两倍。此外，与哮喘相关的因素也因儿童性别而异。对于男孩，婴儿期喘息、早期湿疹和父母患哮喘都是显著的危险因素；对于女孩，唯一的危险因素是早期湿疹。对这些数据进行比例风险建模后发现，哮喘病的发生与一系列其他社会和家庭因素之间没有显著关联，这些因素包括母乳喂养、父母吸烟习惯、孩子家中是否养宠物、家庭压力或家庭社会背景。研究得出结论，儿童早期哮喘在一定程度上似乎具有遗传性，其发病年龄与儿童性别有关，并且与其他形式的过敏性疾病存在复杂的相互作用。没有证据表明在这一出生队列中，儿童家庭的结构、习惯或动态在儿童哮喘病的发生中起重要作用。
