Ma Jun'e, Tian Ting, Zeng Nianyi, Gu Yue, Ren Xuewei, Jin Zhengjiang
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
AMB Express. 2025 Feb 7;15(1):25. doi: 10.1186/s13568-025-01829-1.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae and influenza A virus are common pathogens that cause respiratory tract infection in children. Both pathogens present with similar clinical symptoms, and their epidemic periods often overlap. Consequently, it is challenging for clinicians to make a rapid preliminary diagnosis. However, common blood tests is simple and efficient, Therefore, the purpose of this study is to preliminarily distinguish Mycoplasma pneumoniae and influenza A virus infection in children by analyzing the results of common blood tests, thereby guiding clinical diagnosis and treatment.The results showed that, compared with children in the influenza A virus-positive group, children in the Mycoplasma pneumoniae-positive group had higher white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC), haemoglobin (HGB), platelet (PLT) counts, lymphocyte (LYM) and eosinophil (EOS) counts and ratios, as well as higher concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA), while neutrophil (NEU) and monocyte (MONO) counts and ratios, Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio( NLR) were lower, in addition, LYM, EOS counts and ratios, and NLR were all more effective in differentiating between the two pathogen infections, A combined analysis of these indicators further improved the differentiation efficacy. Therefore, LYM and EOS counts and ratios, along with NLR, can serve as effective blood parameters for differentiating Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections from influenza A virus infections in children.
肺炎支原体和甲型流感病毒是引起儿童呼吸道感染的常见病原体。这两种病原体表现出相似的临床症状，且它们的流行期常常重叠。因此，临床医生要做出快速的初步诊断具有挑战性。然而，常规血液检查简单且高效，所以，本研究的目的是通过分析常规血液检查结果来初步区分儿童肺炎支原体和甲型流感病毒感染，从而指导临床诊断和治疗。结果显示，与甲型流感病毒阳性组儿童相比，肺炎支原体阳性组儿童的白细胞（WBC）、红细胞（RBC）、血红蛋白（HGB）、血小板（PLT）计数、淋巴细胞（LYM）和嗜酸性粒细胞（EOS）计数及比例更高，C反应蛋白（CRP）和血清淀粉样蛋白A（SAA）浓度也更高，而中性粒细胞（NEU）和单核细胞（MONO）计数及比例、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值（NLR）更低，此外，LYM、EOS计数及比例和NLR在区分这两种病原体感染方面都更有效，对这些指标进行综合分析进一步提高了区分效能。因此，LYM和EOS计数及比例以及NLR可作为区分儿童肺炎支原体感染和甲型流感病毒感染的有效血液参数。
