Parihar Anuj Singh, Wakhle Sonal, Roy Bireswar, Vashisth Diwakar, Dupare Aditya S, Laddha Rashmi
Department of Periodontology, People's Dental Academy, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Department of Periodontology, People's College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2024 Dec;16(Suppl 4):S3883-S3886. doi: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1214_24. Epub 2024 Dec 27.
Oral cancer represents a significant global health burden, disproportionately affecting vulnerable populations in developing countries like India. Urban slums, characterized by socioeconomic challenges and limited access to healthcare, are particularly susceptible. This study aimed to examine the association between tobacco use, a well-established risk factor, and the incidence of oral cancer among women residing in these underserved communities.
A case-control study was conducted, involving 300 women from urban slums: 150 cases diagnosed with oral cancer within the past year and 150 controls without a history of the disease. Data were collected through structured interviews, encompassing tobacco use habits (type, frequency, and duration), sociodemographic factors, and oral hygiene practices. Statistical analyses, including Chi-square tests and logistic regression, were employed to assess the association between tobacco use and oral cancer risk.
The study revealed a strong association between tobacco use and oral cancer among women in urban slums. The prevalence of tobacco use, particularly smokeless tobacco, was significantly higher in cases compared to controls. Smokeless tobacco use and smoking emerged as independent risk factors for oral cancer. Lower educational attainment was also identified as an independent risk factor, underscoring the influence of socioeconomic disadvantages on disease susceptibility.
This study provides compelling evidence linking tobacco use to a heightened risk of oral cancer among women in urban slums. The findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions, including health education, access to cessation programs, and addressing socioeconomic disparities, to mitigate the burden of oral cancer in this vulnerable population. The study highlights the importance of culturally sensitive and effective preventive measures to combat oral cancer in underserved communities.
口腔癌是一项重大的全球健康负担，对印度等发展中国家的弱势群体影响尤为严重。以社会经济挑战和医疗服务获取有限为特征的城市贫民窟尤其易感。本研究旨在探讨烟草使用（一个已明确的风险因素）与居住在这些服务不足社区的女性口腔癌发病率之间的关联。
开展了一项病例对照研究，纳入了300名来自城市贫民窟的女性：150例为过去一年被诊断为口腔癌的病例，150例为无该病病史的对照。通过结构化访谈收集数据，包括烟草使用习惯（类型、频率和持续时间）、社会人口学因素和口腔卫生习惯。采用包括卡方检验和逻辑回归在内的统计分析方法来评估烟草使用与口腔癌风险之间的关联。
该研究揭示了城市贫民窟女性中烟草使用与口腔癌之间存在强烈关联。病例组中烟草使用，尤其是无烟烟草的使用率显著高于对照组。无烟烟草使用和吸烟成为口腔癌的独立风险因素。较低的教育程度也被确定为独立风险因素，这凸显了社会经济劣势对疾病易感性的影响。
本研究提供了有力证据，证明烟草使用与城市贫民窟女性口腔癌风险增加有关。研究结果强调迫切需要采取有针对性的干预措施，包括健康教育、提供戒烟项目以及解决社会经济差距问题，以减轻这一弱势群体的口腔癌负担。该研究突出了在服务不足社区采取具有文化敏感性和有效性的预防措施来对抗口腔癌的重要性。
