Li Xiaxia, Yu Wenhua, Liu Pan, Zhang Li, Zhang Yaxin, Li Yun, Tang Zhe, Ma Lina
Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine, Beijing, China.
Beijing Geriatric Healthcare Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing, China.
BMJ Open. 2025 Feb 11;15(2):e088955. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-088955.
Functional impairment is an early stage of disability, and timely identification and intervention are critical for the health of older adults. However, little is known about the functional impairment of Chinese older adults due to the absence of specialised assessment tools. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and socio-demographic characteristics of functional impairment in Chinese community-dwelling older adults using the Function Impairment Screening Tool (FIST), which was previously developed based on the Delphi method.
Cross-sectional study.
Community-based.
The study included 6444 community-dwelling older adults from the China Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment Study.
The FIST identified functional impairment in 31.3% of Chinese community-dwelling older adults. The prevalence was higher among women and individuals in rural areas and increased with age. Illiteracy, no spouse, living alone, poor self-reported health, low income, limited meat intake, less exercise, chronic diseases and geriatric syndromes were associated with functional impairment. Furthermore, after adjusting for related variables, functional impairment was independently associated with disability (OR=138.5, 95% CI 70.0 to 273.9), frailty (OR=13.7, 95% CI 10.3 to 18.3), immobility (OR=6.9, 95% CI 5.4 to 8.9), fractures (OR=2.2, 95% CI 1.5 to 3.3) and falls (OR=2.6, 95% CI 1.8 to 3.7).
Approximately one-third of Chinese community-dwelling older adults experienced functional impairment, and its prevalence was associated with socio-psychological characteristics, lifestyle, chronic diseases and geriatric syndromes.
功能受损是残疾的早期阶段，及时识别和干预对老年人的健康至关重要。然而，由于缺乏专门的评估工具，对于中国老年人的功能受损情况知之甚少。本研究旨在使用功能受损筛查工具（FIST）探索中国社区居住老年人功能受损的患病率及社会人口学特征，该工具是先前基于德尔菲法开发的。
横断面研究。
社区。
本研究纳入了来自中国综合老年评估研究的6444名社区居住老年人。
FIST识别出31.3%的中国社区居住老年人存在功能受损。女性、农村地区居民的患病率更高，且随年龄增长而增加。文盲、无配偶、独居、自我报告健康状况差、低收入、肉类摄入量有限、运动较少、患有慢性病和老年综合征与功能受损相关。此外，在调整相关变量后，功能受损与残疾（比值比=138.5，95%置信区间70.0至273.9）、衰弱（比值比=13.7，95%置信区间10.3至18.3）、行动不便（比值比=6.9，95%置信区间5.4至8.9）、骨折（比值比=2.2，95%置信区间1.5至3.3）和跌倒（比值比=2.6，95%置信区间1.8至3.7）独立相关。
约三分之一的中国社区居住老年人存在功能受损，其患病率与社会心理特征、生活方式、慢性病和老年综合征有关。
