Veeramani Nirmala, Jayaraman Premaladha
School of Computing, SASTRA University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamil Nadu, India.
Sci Rep. 2025 Feb 11;15(1):5084. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-89693-8.
Skin cancer can be prevalent in people of any age group who are exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Among all other types, melanoma is a notable severe kind of skin cancer, which can be fatal. Melanoma is a malignant skin cancer arising from melanocytes, requiring early detection. Typically, skin lesions are classified either as benign or malignant. However, some lesions do exist that don't show clear cancer signs, making them suspicious. If unnoticed, these suspicious lesions develop into severe melanoma, requiring invasive treatments later on. These intermediate or suspicious skin lesions are completely curable if it is diagnosed at their early stages. To tackle this, few researchers intended to improve the image quality of the infected lesions obtained from the dermoscopy through image reconstruction techniques. Analyzing reconstructed super-resolution (SR) images allows early detection, fine feature extraction, and treatment plans. Despite advancements in machine learning, deep learning, and complex neural networks enhancing skin lesion image quality, a key challenge remains unresolved: how the intricate textures are obtained while performing significant up scaling in medical image reconstruction? Thus, an artificial intelligence (AI) based reconstruction algorithm is proposed to obtain the fine features from the intermediate skin lesion from dermoscopic images for early diagnosis. This serves as a non-invasive approach. In this research, a novel melanoma information improvised generative adversarial network (MELIIGAN) framework is proposed for the expedited diagnosis of intermediate skin lesions. Also, designed a stacked residual block that handles larger scaling factors and the reconstruction of fine-grained details. Finally, a hybrid loss function with a total variation (TV) regularization term switches to the Charbonnier loss function, a robust substitute for the mean square error loss function. The benchmark dataset results in a structural index similarity (SSIM) of 0.946 and a peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of 40.12 dB as the highest texture information, evidently compared to other state-of-the-art methods.
皮肤癌在任何暴露于紫外线(UV)辐射的年龄组人群中都可能普遍存在。在所有其他类型中,黑色素瘤是一种显著的严重皮肤癌,可能致命。黑色素瘤是一种起源于黑素细胞的恶性皮肤癌,需要早期检测。通常,皮肤病变分为良性或恶性。然而,确实存在一些没有明显癌症迹象的病变,这使得它们具有可疑性。如果不被注意,这些可疑病变会发展成严重的黑色素瘤,随后需要进行侵入性治疗。如果这些中间或可疑的皮肤病变在早期被诊断出来,是完全可以治愈的。为了解决这个问题,一些研究人员打算通过图像重建技术来提高从皮肤镜检查获得的感染病变的图像质量。分析重建的超分辨率(SR)图像有助于早期检测、精细特征提取和治疗方案制定。尽管机器学习、深度学习和复杂神经网络在提高皮肤病变图像质量方面取得了进展,但一个关键挑战仍未解决:在医学图像重建中进行显著放大时,如何获得复杂的纹理?因此,提出了一种基于人工智能(AI)的重建算法,以从皮肤镜图像中的中间皮肤病变中获取精细特征用于早期诊断。这是一种非侵入性方法。在本研究中,提出了一种新颖的黑色素瘤信息改进生成对抗网络(MELIIGAN)框架,用于快速诊断中间皮肤病变。还设计了一个堆叠残差块,用于处理更大的缩放因子和重建细粒度细节。最后,一个带有总变差(TV)正则化项的混合损失函数切换为Charbonnier损失函数,它是均方误差损失函数的一种稳健替代。与其他现有技术方法相比,基准数据集的结构相似性指数(SSIM)为0.946,峰值信噪比(PSNR)为40.12 dB,作为最高纹理信息。