Wang Rui, Liu Wentao, Wu Yiting, Ma Hao, Lv Jing, He Haifeng, Qiu Limin, Chen Haodong, Zhao Yongsheng, Sun Bo, Wang Chuan-Chao
State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
Shandong Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Jinan, 250012, China.
Commun Biol. 2025 Feb 11;8(1):219. doi: 10.1038/s42003-025-07665-0.
The ancestry composition and Sinicisation process of the descendants of the immigrants of Hu people living in ancient China are largely unknown due to the lack of genetic evidence. Tang Dynasty people in Fudamen cemetery () excavated from Shandong province in eastern China are believed to be related to the descendants of Hu people, as some of the individuals with the surnames An (). The genetic origin of the Fudamen population requires genetic clarification using ancient DNA data. Here we successfully obtain genome-wide SNP data for 17 Tang dynasty individuals from Fudamen cemetery. Based on autosomal data, although all Fudamen individuals show high levels of middle reaches of Yellow River-related ancestry as previously published historical period Shandong populations, 2 Fudamen individuals require ~5% Western Eurasian/Central Asian-related ancestry to describe their ancestry composition best. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first evidence of such ancestry in Shandong, the eastern part of today's China. Moreover, the admixture pattern is also reflected by the presence of both west and east Eurasian-specific mtDNA and Y chromosomal haplogroups in Fudamen people. The estimated admixture time is also consistent with periods when Sogdians and other non-Han populations were active in ancient China. These genomic findings suggest that intermarriage with Han Chinese involved the Sinicization process of the Hu people.
由于缺乏基因证据，古代中国胡族移民后裔的祖先构成和汉化过程在很大程度上尚不明确。在中国东部山东省发掘的福达门墓地（）中的唐代人被认为与胡族后裔有关，因为其中一些人姓安（）。福达门人群的基因起源需要利用古DNA数据进行基因层面的厘清。在此，我们成功获取了福达门墓地17位唐代个体的全基因组SNP数据。基于常染色体数据，尽管所有福达门个体都如先前发表的历史时期山东人群一样，显示出与黄河中游相关的高比例祖先成分，但有2位福达门个体需要约5%的与西欧亚/中亚相关的祖先成分才能最好地描述其祖先构成。据我们所知，这是当今中国东部山东省存在此类祖先成分的首个证据。此外，福达门人群中同时存在西欧亚和东亚特有的线粒体DNA和Y染色体单倍群，也反映了这种混合模式。估计的混合时间也与古代中国粟特人和其他非汉族人群活跃的时期一致。这些基因组学发现表明，与汉族通婚涉及胡族的汉化过程。
