Shen Qu, Wu Zhigang, Zan Jinguo, Yang Xiaomin, Guo Jianxin, Ji Zhi, Wang Baitong, Liu Yilan, Mao Xiaolu, Wang Xinyi, Zou Xinyue, Zhou Hongming, Peng Yanying, Ma Hao, He Haifeng, Bai Tianyou, Xu Mengting, Wen Shaoqing, Jin Li, Zhang Qun, Wang Chuan-Chao
Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Philosophy and Social Sciences in Bioanthropology, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China.
Shandong Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
J Genet Genomics. 2025 Apr;52(4):494-501. doi: 10.1016/j.jgg.2024.07.008. Epub 2024 Jul 14.
Shandong province, located in the Lower Yellow River, is one of the birthplaces of ancient Chinese civilization. However, the comprehensive genetic histories of this region have remained largely unknown until now due to a lack of ancient human genomes. Here, we present 21 ancient genomes from Shandong dating from the Warring States period to the Northern Dynasties. Unlike the early Neolithic samples from Shandong, the historical samples are most closely related to post-Late Neolithic populations of the Middle Yellow River Basin, suggesting a population turnover in Shandong from the Neolithic Age to the Historical era. In addition, we detect a close genetic affinity between the historical samples in Shandong and present-day Han Chinese, showing long-term genetic stability in Han Chinese, at least since the Warring States period.
山东省位于黄河下游地区，是中国古代文明的发祥地之一。然而，由于缺乏古代人类基因组数据，该地区的综合遗传史在很大程度上至今仍不为人知。在此，我们展示了21个来自山东的古代基因组，其年代从战国时期到北朝时期。与山东早期新石器时代的样本不同，这些历史时期的样本与黄河中游流域新石器时代晚期之后的人群关系最为密切，这表明从新石器时代到历史时期，山东地区存在人口更替。此外，我们检测到山东历史时期样本与现代汉族之间存在密切的遗传亲缘关系，这表明至少自战国时期以来，汉族在遗传上具有长期稳定性。
