Xiangli Jiahui, Chang Le, Sheng Renzhi, Lou Ninger, Chen Xu, Tu Juan, Lin Han
Department of Acoustics, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
School of Economics and Management, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201499, China.
J Urban Health. 2025 Feb 11. doi: 10.1007/s11524-025-00959-y.
Depression is a common mental disorder formed by a combination of various factors. Existing researches have already demonstrated that noise indeed impacts the level of depression, but their results were inconsistent. To reconcile seemingly contradictory findings, this study aims to investigate how noise affects individual depression using big data mining and analysis techniques. The individual data was obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) over 3 years (2013, 2015, and 2018) totaling 9693 participants coming from 125 different cities. The Chinese version of the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was employed to assess depression scores, while the search index for noise-related keywords was obtained from Baidu Index to measure noise levels across different cities. A curvilinear model with fixed effects was applied to analyze the relationship between noise and depression. Additionally, moderating effect analyses were conducted to examine the influence of city size and green space. The results indicate a U-shaped relationship between depression and noise, wherein depression initially decreases with increased noise, then subsequently rises. The moderating effect analysis suggests that both city size and green space influence this U-shaped curve; notably, in cities with larger populations or higher green coverage rates, the curve flattens. This study reveals that the impact of noise on depression is complex, which is the result of a multifactorial synergy. It underscores the necessity for urban planning and management to prioritize the creation of friendly sound environments, which could enhance the physical and mental health of urban residents.
抑郁症是一种由多种因素共同作用形成的常见精神障碍。现有研究已经表明噪音确实会影响抑郁水平，但其结果并不一致。为了调和看似矛盾的研究结果，本研究旨在利用大数据挖掘和分析技术调查噪音如何影响个体的抑郁状况。个体数据来自中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）在2013年、2015年和2018年这3年期间的数据，共有来自125个不同城市的9693名参与者。使用中文版的10项流行病学研究中心抑郁量表（CES-D）来评估抑郁得分，而与噪音相关关键词的搜索指数则从百度指数获取，以衡量不同城市的噪音水平。应用具有固定效应的曲线模型来分析噪音与抑郁之间的关系。此外，还进行了调节效应分析，以检验城市规模和绿地的影响。结果表明抑郁与噪音之间呈U形关系，即抑郁最初随着噪音增加而降低，随后又上升。调节效应分析表明城市规模和绿地都会影响这条U形曲线；值得注意的是，在人口较多或绿地覆盖率较高的城市，这条曲线会变平缓。本研究揭示了噪音对抑郁的影响是复杂的，这是多因素协同作用的结果。它强调了城市规划和管理有必要优先创造友好的声音环境，这可以提高城市居民的身心健康。
