根据2019年全国学校健康调查，13至17岁学生的欺凌行为。
Bullying practices by students aged 13 to 17 years according to the National Survey of School Health (2019).
作者信息
Malta Deborah Carvalho, Souza Juliana Bottoni de, Morais Évelin Angélica Herculano de, Baldi Flora Vitória Serena Oliveira, Mello Flávia Carvalho Malta de, Moreira Alexandra Dias, Oliveira Wanderlei Abadio de
机构信息
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, School of Nursing, Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, School of Nursing - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil.
出版信息
Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2025 Feb 10;28:e250003. doi: 10.1590/1980-549720250003. eCollection 2025.
OBJECTIVE
To analyze the prevalence of bullying practices and associated factors among Brazilian adolescents, according to the National Survey of School Health 2019.
METHODS
This is a cross-sectional study with cluster sampling. The outcome variable, bullying practice, was assessed by the question: "In the last 30 days, have you mocked, ridiculed, teased, intimidated, or bullied any of your schoolmates to the point that they felt hurt, upset, offended, or humiliated?" (yes/no). Associations with sociodemographic characteristics, family environment, mental health, and risk behaviors were analyzed using Poisson regression with robust variance.
RESULTS
12.1% (95%CI 11.7-12.6) of adolescents reported bullying others. Positive associations were found among boys (PR 1.66; 95%CI 1.55-1.77); self-declared Black (PR 1.23; 95%CI 1.11-1.36) and brown (PR 1.1; 95%CI 1.02-1.18) adolescents; private school students (PR 1.29; 95%CI 1.21-1.37); those who felt lonely (PR 1.17; 95%CI 1.09-1.26); thought life was not worth living (PR 1.28; 95%CI 1.19-1.39); were physically assaulted by a family member (PR 1.67; 95%CI 1.55-1.79); skipped classes (PR 1.23; 95%CI 1.15-1.31); used tobacco (PR 1.34; 95%CI 1.22-1.47), alcohol (PR 1.38; 95%CI 1.28-1.50), and drugs (PR 1.17; 95%CI 1.04-1.31) regularly; and had sexual relations (PR 1.26; 95%CI 1.18-1.35). Ages 16 and 17 (PR 0.82; 95%CI 0.76-0.89) and family supervision were protective factors (PR 0.70; 95%CI 0.66-0.75).
CONCLUSION
Bullying was more likely among boys, younger adolescents, those with family and mental health issues, and those engaged in risk behaviors. The importance of practices, such as family supervision in preventing bullying, is highlighted.
目的
根据2019年全国学校健康调查，分析巴西青少年中欺凌行为的发生率及相关因素。
方法
这是一项采用整群抽样的横断面研究。通过以下问题评估结果变量欺凌行为：“在过去30天里，你是否嘲笑、讥讽、戏弄、恐吓或欺负过任何同学，以至于他们感到受伤、心烦、被冒犯或受辱？”（是/否）。使用具有稳健方差的泊松回归分析与社会人口学特征、家庭环境、心理健康和风险行为的关联。
结果
12.1%（95%置信区间11.7 - 12.6）的青少年报告曾欺凌他人。在男孩中发现有正相关（风险比1.66；95%置信区间1.55 - 1.77）；自我宣称的黑人（风险比1.23；95%置信区间1.11 - 1.36）和棕色人种青少年（风险比1.1；95%置信区间1.02 - 1.18）；私立学校学生（风险比1.29；95%置信区间1.21 - 1.37）；感到孤独的人（风险比1.17；95%置信区间1.09 - 1.26）；认为生活不值得活下去的人（风险比1.28；95%置信区间1.19 - 1.39）；曾遭受家庭成员身体攻击的人（风险比1.67；95%置信区间1.55 - 1.79）；逃学的人（风险比1.23；95%置信区间1.15 - 1.31）；经常使用烟草（风险比1.34；95%置信区间1.22 - 1.47）、酒精（风险比1.38；95%置信区间1.28 - 1.50）和毒品（风险比1.17；95%置信区间1.04 - 1.31）的人；以及有过性行为的人（风险比1.26；95%置信区间1.18 - 1.35）。16岁和17岁（风险比0.82；95%置信区间0.76 - 0.89）以及家庭监督是保护因素（风险比0.70；95%置信区间0.66 - 0.75）。
结论
男孩、青少年、有家庭和心理健康问题的人以及有风险行为的人更有可能实施欺凌行为。强调了家庭监督等措施在预防欺凌方面的重要性。
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