Pett Katherine D, Alex Peter Geevarghese, Weisfuss Casey, Sandhu Amandeep, Burton-Freeman Britt, Edirisinghe Indika
Center for Nutrition Research, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA.
Nutrients. 2025 Jan 29;17(3):490. doi: 10.3390/nu17030490.
Chronic low-grade inflammation is associated with insulin resistance and poor glycemic control, leading to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The present study investigated the effect of regular mango intake on inflammation and insulin sensitivity in participants with overweight or obesity and chronic low-grade inflammation. A human clinical study was performed using a randomized, controlled, two-arm, parallel design with a 2 h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) administered before and after 4 weeks (4 W) of mango or control product intake (1 cup/twice a day). Fasting and time course blood sampling for 2 h post-OGTT were analyzed for effects on plasma metabolic and inflammation endpoints using analysis of covariance and repeated-measure approaches (SAS 9.4). Forty-eight adults (37.6 ± 2.8 years, 30.5 ± 4.1 BMI kg/m) completed the study. Markers of inflammation (IL-6, TNFα, hs-CRP) were not different at the end of 4 W ( > 0.05). The intervention did not significantly influence fasting glucose concentrations; however, insulin was significantly lowered with the mango compared to the control intervention (8.2 ± 1.2 vs. 15.3 ± 1.2 µIU/mL respectively, = 0.05). Furthermore, the Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), along with the disposition index (DI), was significantly improved in the mango compared to the control interventions (HOMA-IR, 2.28 ± 1.19 vs. 4.67 ± 1.21, = 0.03; DI, 2.76 ± 1.02 vs. 5.37 ± 1.03, = 0.04). Mean insulin concentrations were also significantly lower at W4 compared to W0 after the OGTT in the mango vs. control intervention (intervention × week effect, = 0.04). Relative expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), a gene regulating endogenous antioxidant defense, was non-significantly increased twofold in the mango intervention (W4 vs. W0). Collectively, the data suggest that mango intake increased insulin sensitivity in individuals with chronic low-grade inflammation, possibly through activating Nrf-2 genes and increasing cellular antioxidant status. The data warrant further research on consuming mango fruit as part of a dietary pattern to address insulin resistance and the mechanisms underpinning the actions of mango intake.
慢性低度炎症与胰岛素抵抗及血糖控制不佳相关，会导致2型糖尿病（T2DM）的发生。本研究调查了超重或肥胖且患有慢性低度炎症的参与者定期摄入芒果对炎症和胰岛素敏感性的影响。采用随机、对照、双臂平行设计进行人体临床研究，在摄入芒果或对照产品4周（4W）前后进行2小时口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）。使用协方差分析和重复测量方法（SAS 9.4）对OGTT后2小时的空腹和时间进程血样进行分析，以研究其对血浆代谢和炎症终点的影响。48名成年人（37.6±2.8岁，BMI 30.5±4.1kg/m）完成了该研究。4周结束时，炎症标志物（IL-6、TNFα、hs-CRP）无差异（P>0.05）。该干预对空腹血糖浓度无显著影响；然而，与对照干预相比，芒果组胰岛素显著降低（分别为8.2±1.2与15.3±1.2μIU/mL，P=0.05）。此外，与对照干预相比，芒果组的胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估（HOMA-IR）以及处置指数（DI）显著改善（HOMA-IR，2.28±1.19与4.67±1.21，P=0.03；DI，2.76±1.02与5.37±1.03，P=0.04）。在芒果组与对照组干预中，OGTT后第4周的平均胰岛素浓度也显著低于第0周（干预×周效应，P=0.04）。调节内源性抗氧化防御的基因核因子红细胞2相关因子2（Nrf-2）的相对表达在芒果干预中无显著增加两倍（第4周与第0周）。总体而言，数据表明摄入芒果可提高慢性低度炎症个体的胰岛素敏感性，可能是通过激活Nrf-2基因并提高细胞抗氧化状态实现的。这些数据值得进一步研究将食用芒果作为饮食模式的一部分来解决胰岛素抵抗以及芒果摄入作用的潜在机制。
