Aldaleeli Nadiah Y, Madani Mohamed, Al-Gahtany Samera Ali, Elhaes Hanan, Badry Rania, Ibrahim Medhat A
Department of Physics, College of Science and Humanities-Jubail, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Jubail 35811, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia.
Polymers (Basel). 2025 Jan 31;17(3):391. doi: 10.3390/polym17030391.
Developing sustainable and green packaging products that protect foods and preserve their unique properties from UV radiation, which causes photochemical damage, is one of the extensive challenges in the food-packaging industry. Accordingly, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC)/graphene (G) nanocomposites that contained different weight percentages were prepared by a mechanical milling method. The influence of the G on the chemical composition and optical properties of the nanocomposites were studied by different techniques. SEM and FT-IR analyses confirmed the interaction between the CMC and G. The XRD spectrum showed that the crystallite size of the CMC decreased with G addition. The findings showed that changing the G concentration modified the CMC's optical properties. The CMC's transmittance decreased to 52%, 49%, and 57% in the UV-C (200-280), UV-B (280-320 nm), and UV-A (320-400) regions, respectively, with the addition of 2 wt.% of G. Moreover, the optical band gap decreased to 4.80 eV, while the Urbach energy increased from 0.34 to 0.94 eV as the G content increased. The density functional theory (DFT) assumption was followed to establish the electronic properties and vibrational spectrum of the CMC/G model. The theoretically determined IR and experimental FT-IR spectra of the CMC/G nanocomposites showed good agreement. The obtained results show that these nanocomposites are good candidates for food packaging.
开发可持续且环保的包装产品，以保护食品并使其独特特性免受紫外线辐射（紫外线会造成光化学损伤）的影响，是食品包装行业面临的一大广泛挑战。因此，采用机械研磨法制备了含有不同重量百分比的羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC）/石墨烯（G）纳米复合材料。通过不同技术研究了G对纳米复合材料化学成分和光学性能的影响。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）分析证实了CMC与G之间的相互作用。X射线衍射（XRD）光谱表明，添加G后CMC的微晶尺寸减小。研究结果表明，改变G的浓度会改变CMC的光学性能。添加2 wt.%的G后，CMC在UV-C（200 - 280）、UV-B（280 - 320 nm）和UV-A（320 - 400）区域的透光率分别降至52%、49%和57%。此外，随着G含量的增加，光学带隙降至4.80 eV，而乌尔巴赫能量从0.34 eV增加到0.94 eV。遵循密度泛函理论（DFT）假设来建立CMC/G模型的电子性质和振动光谱。CMC/G纳米复合材料的理论计算红外光谱与实验FT-IR光谱显示出良好的一致性。所得结果表明，这些纳米复合材料是食品包装的良好候选材料。
