Cecati Monia, Fumarola Stefania, Vaiasicca Salvatore, Cianfruglia Laura, Vignini Arianna, Giannubilo Stefano Raffaele, Emanuelli Monica, Ciavattini Andrea
Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy.
Scientific Direction, IRCCS INRCA, 60124 Ancona, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Jan 22;26(3):902. doi: 10.3390/ijms26030902.
Aging and pregnancy are often considered opposites in a woman's biological timeline. Aging is defined by a gradual decline in the functional capabilities of an organism over its lifetime, while pregnancy is characterized by the presence of the transient placenta, which fosters the cellular fitness necessary to support fetal growth. However, in the context of preeclampsia, pregnancy and aging share common hallmarks, including clinical complications, altered cellular phenotypes, and heightened oxidative stress. Furthermore, women with pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia tend to experience age-related disorders earlier than those with healthy pregnancies. Klotho, a gene discovered fortuitously in 1997 by researchers studying aging mechanisms, is primarily expressed in the kidneys but also to a lesser extent in several other tissues, including the placenta. The Klotho protein is a membrane-bound protein that, upon cleavage by ADAM10/17, is released into the circulation as soluble Klotho (sKlotho) where it plays a role in modulating oxidative stress. This review focuses on the involvement of sKlotho in the development of preeclampsia and age-related disorders, as well as the expression of the recently discovered Mytho gene, which has been associated with skeletal muscle atrophy.
在女性的生物时间表中，衰老和怀孕常被视为相反的状态。衰老的定义是生物体在其一生中功能能力逐渐下降，而怀孕的特征是存在短暂的胎盘，它促进了支持胎儿生长所需的细胞健康。然而，在子痫前期的背景下，怀孕和衰老有共同的特征，包括临床并发症、细胞表型改变和氧化应激加剧。此外，患有子痫前期并发症的孕妇往往比怀有健康胎儿的孕妇更早出现与年龄相关的疾病。1997年，研究衰老机制的研究人员偶然发现了Klotho基因，它主要在肾脏中表达，但在包括胎盘在内的其他几种组织中也有较低程度的表达。Klotho蛋白是一种膜结合蛋白，在被ADAM10/17切割后，作为可溶性Klotho（sKlotho）释放到循环中，在其中它在调节氧化应激中发挥作用。这篇综述重点关注sKlotho在子痫前期和与年龄相关疾病发展中的作用，以及最近发现的与骨骼肌萎缩相关的Mytho基因的表达。
