Ghignone M, Girling L, Prewitt R M
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1985 Apr;131(4):527-30. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1985.131.4.527.
In canine oleic acid pulmonary edema, we investigated acute cardiopulmonary effects of nitroprusside (NP) before (NP1), and after (NP2) pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) was increased via glass bead embolization. In the setting of increased PVR and reduced cardiac output (CO), acute cardiopulmonary effects of NP and hydralazine were compared. Oleic acid increased (p less than 0.05) pulmonary shunt (Qs/Qt) from 15 to 24%, but did not alter PVR. Cardiac output decreased (p less than 0.01) 31% with oleic acid from 4.2 to 2.9 1 X min-1 and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) increased (p less than 0.01). When PVR was normal, NP reduced (p less than 0.05) blood pressure (BP) from 148 to 123 mmHg, decreased SVR 31%, and increased (p less than 0.05) CO and Qs/Qt. Glass bead embolization increased (p less than 0.001) PVR from 2.2 to 20 mgHg X 1-1 X min and reduced (p less than 0.01) CO 23%, from 2.6 to 2 L/min. The Qs/Qt did not increase with embolization. In contrast to effects of NP1, when RV afterload was increased, CO fell (p less than 0.05) with NP2 from 2 to 1.6 1 X min-1. Alternatively, hydralazine improved cardiopulmonary function. In the setting of increased RV afterload, SVR and PVR decreased (p less than 0.01) 48 and 29%, respectively, with hydralazine. Corresponding to the decrease in resistance, CO increased (p less than 0.001) 84% with hydralazine, from 1.9 to 3.5 1 X min-1. Also, BP and Qs/Qt remained constant and arterial O2 tension increased (p less than 0.05) with hydralazine, from 113 to 152 mmHg.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
在犬油酸诱导的肺水肿模型中，我们研究了硝普钠（NP）在通过玻璃珠栓塞增加肺血管阻力（PVR）之前（NP1）和之后（NP2）的急性心肺效应。在PVR增加和心输出量（CO）降低的情况下，比较了NP和肼屈嗪的急性心肺效应。油酸使肺分流（Qs/Qt）从15%增加至24%（p<0.05），但未改变PVR。油酸使心输出量从4.2降至2.9L/min·1，降低了31%（p<0.01），全身血管阻力（SVR）增加（p<0.01）。当PVR正常时，NP使血压（BP）从148mmHg降至123mmHg（p<0.05），SVR降低31%，CO和Qs/Qt增加（p<0.05）。玻璃珠栓塞使PVR从2.2增加至20mmHg·1⁻¹·min（p<0.001），CO降低23%，从2.6降至2L/min（p<0.01）。栓塞后Qs/Qt未增加。与NP1的效应相反，当右心室后负荷增加时，NP2使CO从2降至1.6L/min·1（p<0.05）。相比之下，肼屈嗪改善了心肺功能。在右心室后负荷增加的情况下，肼屈嗪使SVR和PVR分别降低48%和29%（p<0.01）。与阻力降低相对应，肼屈嗪使CO增加84%，从1.9升至3.5L/min·1（p<0.001）。此外，BP和Qs/Qt保持不变，动脉血氧张力因肼屈嗪从113mmHg升至至152mmHg（p<0.05）。（摘要截短于250字）
