Anday E K, Talbot G H
Ann Clin Lab Sci. 1985 May-Jun;15(3):246-51.
Based on a three year surveillance in the neonatal intensive and transitional care nurseries (NICU) at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania (HUP), an analysis of all cases of nosocomial bacteremia was made. From January 1982 to September 1984, a total of 57 nosocomial bacteremic episodes were identified. This gave a rate of 3.6 episodes per 100 NICU admissions or 6.5 per 1000 live hospital births. While coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) accounted for approximately 40 percent of all positive blood cultures, it was responsible for 73 and 66 percent of the nosocomial bacteremias in 1982 and 1983, respectively. In 1984, coagulase-negative staphylococcus was the responsible pathogen for 92 percent of all nosocomial bacteremic episodes. Of 139 infants weighing less than or equal to 1250 g at birth, 30 (22 percent) developed CNS bacteremia. The risk of coagulase-negative staphylococcus bacteremia was associated with low birth weight, respiratory distress, prolonged hyperalimentation, and multiple supportive measures. Infants were treated with vancomycin hydrochloride, as most of the CNS were resistant to methicillin and/or gentamicin. There were no deaths related to coagulase-negative staphylococcal septicemia.
基于对宾夕法尼亚大学医院（HUP）新生儿重症监护和过渡护理病房（NICU）进行的为期三年的监测，对所有医院感染性菌血症病例进行了分析。1982年1月至1984年9月，共确定了57例医院感染性菌血症发作。这相当于每100例NICU入院病例中有3.6次发作，或每1000例活产中有6.5次发作。虽然凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（CNS）约占所有阳性血培养的40%，但它分别在1982年和1983年的医院感染性菌血症中占73%和66%。1984年，凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌是所有医院感染性菌血症发作的92%的致病病原体。在139例出生体重小于或等于1250g的婴儿中，30例（22%）发生了CNS菌血症。凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌菌血症的风险与低出生体重、呼吸窘迫、长期胃肠外营养和多种支持措施有关。由于大多数CNS对甲氧西林和/或庆大霉素耐药，婴儿接受了盐酸万古霉素治疗。没有与凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌败血症相关的死亡病例。
