Wu Xinran, Khan Shahbaz, Qi Yucheng, Zhang Chuanling, Anwar Sumera, Yin Liyan, Huang Jiaquan
School of Breeding and Multiplication, Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication, College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China.
Directorate of Agriculture Research (DAR) Uthal, Labella 69090, Balochistan, Pakistan.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Jan 27;14(3):385. doi: 10.3390/plants14030385.
Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a major constraint to crop productivity in acidic soils, frequently encountered in banana-growing regions. This study investigates physiological and biochemical responses to Al stress in two Cavendish banana genotypes, Baodao and Baxi ( L.), which exhibit contrasting levels of Al tolerance. Banana plantlets were grown hydroponically under three AlCl concentrations (0, 100, and 500 μM) for 24, 48, and 72 h. Root elongation was progressively inhibited with increasing Al concentrations, with Baodao showing greater inhibition than Baxi. Al primarily accumulated in roots and displayed genotype-specific distribution patterns: Baodao concentrated more Al in root tips, suggesting lower exclusion efficiency. In contrast, Baxi, the Al-tolerant genotype, translocated Al from roots to shoots more effectively, indicating potential sequestration mechanisms in less sensitive tissues. Al stress influenced enzyme activities, with Baxi exhibiting higher phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and citrate synthase activities at 100 µM Al, while both genotypes showed similar reductions at 500 µM. Baodao experienced more pronounced reductions in H-ATPase activity. At 100 µM Al, Baxi retained higher levels of key nutrients (P, Zn, Mg, Mn, Fe, K, and B) in essential tissues than Baodao. However, nutrient levels were reduced in both genotypes at 500 µM Al. These findings highlight Baxi's superior resilience under Al stress, making it a suitable genotype for cultivation and breeding in acidic soils.
铝（Al）毒性是酸性土壤中作物生产力的主要限制因素，在香蕉种植区经常遇到。本研究调查了两种卡文迪什香蕉基因型宝岛和巴西（L.）对铝胁迫的生理和生化反应，这两种基因型表现出不同程度的耐铝性。香蕉幼苗在三种氯化铝浓度（0、100和500μM）下进行水培培养24、48和72小时。随着铝浓度的增加，根伸长逐渐受到抑制，宝岛的抑制作用比巴西更明显。铝主要积累在根部，并呈现出基因型特异性分布模式：宝岛在根尖积累的铝更多，表明其排斥效率较低。相比之下，耐铝基因型巴西更有效地将铝从根部转运到地上部，表明在不太敏感的组织中存在潜在的螯合机制。铝胁迫影响酶活性，在100μM铝浓度下，巴西的磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶和柠檬酸合酶活性较高，而在500μM铝浓度下，两种基因型的酶活性都有类似程度的降低。宝岛的H-ATPase活性下降更为明显。在100μM铝浓度下，巴西在关键组织中保留的关键养分（P、Zn、Mg、Mn、Fe、K和B）水平高于宝岛。然而，在500μM铝浓度下，两种基因型的养分水平均降低。这些发现突出了巴西在铝胁迫下的优越恢复力，使其成为酸性土壤种植和育种的合适基因型。
