The sustained increase in antibiotic resistance leads to a declining trend in the eradication rate of () infection with antibiotic-based eradication regimens. Administration of a single probiotic shows limited efficacy in eradicating infection. This review indicates that faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), a novel therapeutic approach, either as a monotherapy or adjunctive therapy, exhibits beneficial effects in terms of the eradication of infection and the prevention of adverse events. The role of FMT in eradication may be associated directly or indirectly with some therapeutic constituents within the faecal suspension, including bacteria, viruses, antimicrobial peptides and metabolites. In addition, variations in donor selection, faecal suspension preparation and delivery methods are believed to be the main factors determining the effectiveness of FMT for the treatment of infection. Future research should refine the operational procedures of FMT to achieve optimal efficacy for infection and explore the mechanisms by which FMT acts against .