Rani Padmaja Kumari, Williams Jachin David, Jaswal Nidhi, Yandluri Venkateswaralu, Sangani Payal, Sanagavarapu Kavya, Natarajan Ramya, Ramalingam Sandhya, Saligram Nalini, Khanna Rohit C
Department of Teleophthalmology, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Department of Vitreoretina, Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Front Public Health. 2025 Jan 29;12:1470615. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1470615. eCollection 2024.
This study aimed to assess the impact of a mHealth and community health education intervention on diabetes awareness and promoting healthy dietary and lifestyle habits within a rural population in Andhra Pradesh, India.
Using a quasi-experimental design, the mDiabetes program was implemented for 1 year, among 1,03,538 rural individuals. Under this program, 56 diabetes prevention messages (twice a week) in local language) were disseminated among the participants via voice calls for a period of 6 months. Additionally, community health education meetings were facilitated by trained community health workers and educational leaflets were distributed among the community members. Questionnaires were administered at three different time points-baseline (before the intervention), endline (after intervention), and follow-up (3 months after endline) to collect demographic data, diabetes-related knowledge, attitudes, practices, physical activity, and dietary habits. Analysis compared data from 545 subjects who participated in all the three surveys.
The cohort comprised 45.5% males and 54.5% females, aged 19-85 years (mean: 55.42; SD 10.3). Post-intervention, diabetes awareness rose to 97.43% at endline and 99.63% at follow-up from 82.75% at baseline. Belief in diabetes preventability increased from 25.5% to 69.5%, and awareness of lifestyle's impact on diabetes management improved from 72.6% to 80.9%. Over 90% recalled prevention messages, with significant lifestyle changes reported by 83% at endline and 73% at follow-up. Improved dietary and activity habits were evident, with fruit consumption and high-fat food avoidance at 78.5% and 67.7% in follow-up. Physical activity levels improved in both endline and follow-up groups compared to baseline. Daily participation in yoga, running, gym, and aerobics increased to 38.7% in endline and follow-up from 7.3% at baseline ( < 0.001). Outdoor sports engagement rose significantly to 15% in endline and follow-up from 0.5% at baseline ( < 0.001). Regular stair usage (59.8%), walking for chores (84.7%), and short walking breaks (93%) increased significantly in follow-up compared to baseline and endline ( < 0.001).
The combined mHealth and community health education intervention improved diabetes awareness and healthy habits in rural areas, showing potential for lasting outcomes and guiding future public health efforts in similar settings.
本研究旨在评估移动健康（mHealth）与社区健康教育干预措施对印度安得拉邦农村人口糖尿病认知的影响，并促进其形成健康的饮食和生活习惯。
采用准实验设计，在103538名农村个体中实施了为期1年的mDiabetes项目。在该项目中，通过语音通话以当地语言每周两次向参与者传播56条糖尿病预防信息，为期6个月。此外，由经过培训的社区卫生工作者组织社区健康教育会议，并向社区成员发放教育传单。在三个不同时间点——基线（干预前）、终线（干预后）和随访（终线后3个月）进行问卷调查，以收集人口统计学数据、糖尿病相关知识、态度、行为、身体活动和饮食习惯。分析比较了参与所有三项调查的545名受试者的数据。
该队列包括45.5%的男性和54.5%的女性，年龄在19 - 85岁之间（平均：55.42；标准差10.3）。干预后，糖尿病认知率从基线时的82.75%在终线时升至97.43%，在随访时升至99.63%。对糖尿病可预防性的信念从25.5%增至69.5%，对生活方式对糖尿病管理影响的认知从72.6%提高到80.9%。超过90%的人回忆起预防信息，83%的人在终线时报告有显著的生活方式改变，73%的人在随访时报告有改变。饮食和活动习惯得到改善，随访时水果摄入量和避免高脂肪食物摄入的比例分别为78.5%和67.7%。与基线相比，终线组和随访组的身体活动水平均有所提高。终线和随访时每天参与瑜伽、跑步、健身和有氧运动的比例从基线时的7.3%增至38.7%（<0.001）。户外体育活动参与率从基线时的0.5%显著升至终线和随访时的15%（<0.001）。与基线和终线相比，随访时经常爬楼梯（59.8%）、做家务时行走（84.7%）和短暂步行休息（93%）的比例显著增加（<0.001）。
移动健康与社区健康教育相结合的干预措施提高了农村地区的糖尿病认知和健康习惯，显示出产生持久效果的潜力，并为类似环境下未来的公共卫生工作提供了指导。
