Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colmbo, Sri Lanka; Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
Ann Epidemiol. 2021 Jun;58:128-148. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2021.02.016. Epub 2021 Mar 13.
India has experienced a recent sharp increase in diabetes/pre-diabetes. We conducted a systematic-review and meta-analyses to describe the most recent prevalence and trends of pre-diabetes/diabetes in urban and rural India.
MethodsA literature search was conducted in PubMed and Scopus databases for population-based studies describing prevalence of diabetes/pre-diabetes in urban/rural populations. Trends were analysed in rural and urban settings overall, genderwise and statewise.
The study reports data from 1,778,706 adults in India (69-studies), from surveys conducted from 1972-2017. Prevalence of diabetes increased in both rural and urban India from 2.4% and 3.3% in 1972 to 15.0% and 19.0% respectively in year 2015-2019. This was independently observed in both genders. Similar increasing prevalence was observed for pre-diabetes, overall and in both genders. In the latest decade (2010-2019) rural and urban prevalence was highest in states of Goa (17.4%) and Tamil Nadu (24.0%) respectively. Statewise analysis observed a wide disparity in prevalence between the North and the South of India.
Pooled estimates show a relatively high burden of diabetes and pre-diabetes in rural and urban India, with narrowed urban-rural gap. Hence, it is important to plan urgent primary and secondary prevention strategies to minimize further increase in areas with high prevalence.
印度近期糖尿病/糖尿病前期发病率急剧上升。我们进行了系统评价和荟萃分析，以描述印度城乡地区糖尿病/糖尿病前期的最新流行率和趋势。
方法 在 PubMed 和 Scopus 数据库中进行了文献检索，以获取描述城乡人群糖尿病/糖尿病前期流行率的基于人群的研究。总体上、按性别和按邦分析了农村和城市环境中的趋势。
该研究报告了来自印度 1778706 名成年人（69 项研究）的数据，这些数据来自于 1972 年至 2017 年进行的调查。印度城乡地区的糖尿病患病率均有所上升，从 1972 年的 2.4%和 3.3%上升到 2015-2019 年的 15.0%和 19.0%。这在两性中均独立观察到。总体上和两性中，糖尿病前期的患病率也呈上升趋势。在最新的十年（2010-2019 年），果阿邦（17.4%）和泰米尔纳德邦（24.0%）的农村和城市地区的患病率最高。按邦分析观察到印度北部和南部之间的患病率存在很大差异。
汇总估计显示，印度城乡地区的糖尿病和糖尿病前期负担相对较高，城乡差距缩小。因此，必须制定紧急的初级和二级预防策略，以尽量减少高患病率地区的进一步增加。
