Putra Aidhya Irhash, Khan Muhammad Naveed, Kamaruddin Nurhaida, Khairuddin Raja Farhana R, Al-Obaidi Jameel R, Flores Brenda Juana, Flores Luis Fernando
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900, Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia.
Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.
Plant Cell Rep. 2025 Feb 13;44(3):54. doi: 10.1007/s00299-025-03443-8.
Proteomics has revealed complex immune responses in fruits, leading to the identification of potential disease biomarkers and resistance mechanisms. Fruit diseases caused by fungal and bacterial pathogens present critical challenges to global food security by reducing fruit shelf life and quality. This review explores the molecular dynamics of fruit-pathogen interactions using advanced proteomic techniques. These approaches include mass spectrometry-based identification, gel-based, and gel-free strategies, tailored to the unique compositions of fruit tissues for accurate protein extraction and identification. Proteomic studies reveal pathogen-induced changes in fruit proteomes, including the upregulation of defence-related proteins and suppression of metabolic pathways crucial for pathogen survival. Case studies on tomatoes, apples, and bananas highlight specific pathogen-responsive proteins, such as PR proteins and enzymes involved in ROS scavenging, which play roles in disease resistance mechanisms. The review further demonstrates the utility of proteomic data in identifying early disease biomarkers, guiding genetic improvements for disease resistance, and optimizing pathogen control measures. Integrating proteomic insights with transcriptomics and metabolomics provides a multidimensional understanding of fruit-pathogen interactions, paving the way for innovative solutions in agriculture. Future research should prioritize multi-omics approaches and field-level validations to translate laboratory findings into practical applications. The advancements discussed underscore the transformative role of proteomics in improving food security and sustainability amid challenges posed by climate change and increasing global food demand.
蛋白质组学揭示了水果中复杂的免疫反应，从而识别出潜在的疾病生物标志物和抗性机制。由真菌和细菌病原体引起的水果病害通过缩短水果保质期和降低水果品质，对全球粮食安全构成了严峻挑战。本综述利用先进的蛋白质组学技术探讨了水果与病原体相互作用的分子动态。这些方法包括基于质谱的鉴定、基于凝胶和非凝胶的策略，针对水果组织的独特成分进行定制，以实现准确的蛋白质提取和鉴定。蛋白质组学研究揭示了病原体诱导的水果蛋白质组变化，包括防御相关蛋白的上调和对病原体生存至关重要的代谢途径的抑制。对番茄、苹果和香蕉的案例研究突出了特定的病原体反应蛋白，如病程相关蛋白和参与活性氧清除的酶，它们在抗病机制中发挥作用。该综述进一步证明了蛋白质组学数据在识别早期疾病生物标志物、指导抗病基因改良以及优化病原体控制措施方面的实用性。将蛋白质组学见解与转录组学和代谢组学相结合，能够从多个维度理解水果与病原体的相互作用，为农业创新解决方案铺平道路。未来的研究应优先采用多组学方法和田间水平验证，将实验室研究结果转化为实际应用。所讨论的进展凸显了蛋白质组学在应对气候变化和全球粮食需求增加所带来的挑战时，对改善粮食安全和可持续性的变革性作用。
