AbdulJabbar Ahmed AbdulJalal, Ismail Parween AbdulSamad
Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, 44001, Erbil, Iraq.
Department of Chemistry, College of Education, Salahaddin University, 44001, Erbil, Iraq.
Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2025 Feb 13;80(1):67. doi: 10.1007/s11130-025-01298-8.
Nutraceuticals and natural products constitute nearly 50% of all cancer treatments due to their maximum efficiency and reduced side effects compared to synthetic chemicals. Thus, the present work investigates the anti-proliferative and apoptotic-stimulating effects of methanolic extracts of wild Prunus microcarpa fruits (MEPMF) and stems (MEPMS) and their phytochemical profiles. The cytotoxicity and pro-apoptotic effects (using MTT and flow cytometry assays) of MEPMF and MEPMS against U-87 MG, PC3, MCF-7, and HT-29 cells and normal human embryonic lung fibroblast cell (WI-38) were analyzed. The liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was established to determine some phyto-constituents of extracts. Thirty-four chemical compounds were found in MEPMF and MEPMS, including quinic acid (67.218 mg/g extract) and epicatechin (70.547 mg/g extracts) as the most common compounds, respectively. MEPMF exhibited a higher selectivity index and better inhibitory potentials, IC: 96.16, 102.35, and 214.94 µg/mL against HT-29, MCF-7 cells, and U-87MG cells, respectively, except for PC-3 cells compared to MEPMS. The pro-apoptotic actions of MEPMF were significantly higher on the U-87MG and HT-29 cancer cells compared to other cells and MEPMS. In contrast, MCF-7 and HT-29 cells showed reduced direct sensitivity to MEPMF and MEPMS treatments, respectively. Both extracts showed a non-toxic/safe effect on WI-38 cells and a noticeable cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic potential against four human cancer cells, with IC ordering list HT-29 < MCF-7 < PC-3 < U-87MG. The present determined phytochemical and bioactivities provoke future molecular isolation and identification as a viable source for a potent pharmaceutical formulation.
营养保健品和天然产物占所有癌症治疗方法的近50%，因为与合成化学品相比，它们具有最高的效率和更低的副作用。因此，本研究调查了野生小果李果实甲醇提取物（MEPMF）和茎甲醇提取物（MEPMS）的抗增殖和促凋亡作用及其植物化学特征。分析了MEPMF和MEPMS对U-87 MG、PC3、MCF-7和HT-29细胞以及正常人胚肺成纤维细胞（WI-38）的细胞毒性和促凋亡作用（使用MTT和流式细胞术检测）。建立了液相色谱-串联质谱法来测定提取物中的一些植物成分。在MEPMF和MEPMS中发现了34种化合物，其中奎尼酸（67.218 mg/g提取物）和表儿茶素（70.547 mg/g提取物）分别是最常见的化合物。与MEPMS相比，MEPMF表现出更高的选择性指数和更好的抑制潜力，对HT-29、MCF-7细胞和U-87MG细胞的IC50分别为96.16、102.35和214.94 μg/mL，但对PC-3细胞除外。与其他细胞和MEPMS相比，MEPMF对U-87MG和HT-29癌细胞的促凋亡作用明显更高。相反，MCF-7和HT-29细胞分别对MEPMF和MEPMS处理的直接敏感性降低。两种提取物对WI-38细胞均显示无毒/安全作用，对四种人类癌细胞具有显著的细胞毒性和促凋亡潜力，IC50排序为HT-29＜MCF-7＜PC-3＜U-87MG。目前确定的植物化学成分和生物活性激发了未来的分子分离和鉴定，有望成为一种有效的药物制剂的可行来源。
