Abdul Nishath Sayed, Shivakumar Sahana, Muralidhar Nitin V, Amin Reshma, Franco Rocco, Marrapodi Maria Maddalena, Cicciù Marco, Minervini Giuseppe
Faculty of Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery & Diagnostic Sciences, College of Medicine and Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Public Health Dentistry, Peoples College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Peoples University, Bhopal.
J Evid Based Dent Pract. 2025 Mar;25(1):102055. doi: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2024.102055. Epub 2024 Nov 20.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been associated with various health implications, including potential effects on oral health and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL). Understanding the relationship between COPD and dental health is crucial for optimizing patient care and well-being. This review aims to assess the existing literature on the impact of COPD on oral health and OHRQoL.
The review process followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive search was conducted in the databases, resulting in 304 records. Data extraction was done by 2 reviewers separately. Data extraction variables included study ID, sample, age, gender ratio, type of study, respiratory evaluation, OHRQoL assessment, and inferences. Newcastle Ottawa scale was employed to assess the methodological quality of the included studies.
The final selection included 3 studies eligible for qualitative synthesis. OHIP-5 and OHIP-14 were used to assess OHRQoL These studies provided valuable insights into the association between COPD and dental health. OHRQoL was negatively impacted among COPD sufferers. In addition, COPD patients demonstrated significantly fewer teeth and higher plaque index (PI) as compared to control cohorts. The risk of bias was low in the included studies. But the literature available was scarce, which warrants further longitudinal studies with a larger sample size in this regard.
The evidence from the selected studies suggests a significant association between COPD and various dental health parameters, as well as their impact on OHRQoL. Dental health assessments should be integrated into COPD management to better understand disease severity and exacerbation risk. An interdisciplinary approach involving both respiratory and oral health professionals is crucial for comprehensive patient care. Future research should explore the underlying mechanisms and conduct longitudinal studies to establish causal relationships. These findings contribute to our understanding of the complex interplay between COPD and oral health and have implications for improving patient outcomes and quality of life.
慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）与多种健康问题相关，包括对口腔健康和口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL）的潜在影响。了解COPD与牙齿健康之间的关系对于优化患者护理和福祉至关重要。本综述旨在评估现有关于COPD对口腔健康和OHRQoL影响的文献。
综述过程遵循系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南。在数据库中进行了全面搜索，共获得304条记录。由2名评审员分别进行数据提取。数据提取变量包括研究ID、样本、年龄、性别比例、研究类型、呼吸评估、OHRQoL评估和推论。采用纽卡斯尔渥太华量表评估纳入研究的方法学质量。
最终纳入3项符合定性综合分析的研究。使用OHIP - 5和OHIP - 14评估OHRQoL。这些研究为COPD与牙齿健康之间的关联提供了有价值的见解。COPD患者的OHRQoL受到负面影响。此外，与对照组相比，COPD患者的牙齿明显更少，菌斑指数（PI）更高。纳入研究的偏倚风险较低。但现有文献稀少，这需要在这方面进行进一步的大样本纵向研究。
所选研究的证据表明，COPD与各种牙齿健康参数之间存在显著关联，以及它们对OHRQoL的影响。牙齿健康评估应纳入COPD管理，以更好地了解疾病严重程度和加重风险。涉及呼吸和口腔健康专业人员的跨学科方法对于全面的患者护理至关重要。未来的研究应探索潜在机制并进行纵向研究以建立因果关系。这些发现有助于我们理解COPD与口腔健康之间的复杂相互作用，并对改善患者结局和生活质量具有重要意义。
