Wani Farhana, Rashid Shahjahan, Saleem Sahar, Ali Gowhar, Mohiddin Fayaz A, Hamid Aflaq
Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar J&K, Shalimar, India.
Department of Animal Biotechnology, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, FVSc & AH, Srinagar J&K, India.
Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2025 May;197(5):3431-3446. doi: 10.1007/s12010-025-05187-3. Epub 2025 Feb 14.
Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) is a severe plant pathogen of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), that causes huge yield losses across the globe. The virus has a wide host range and varied modes of transmission, due to which its management is challenging. Pathogen-derived resistance, which entails inserting virus-derived gene sequences into transgenic plants, is extremely effective in overcoming plant viruses. However, owing to ethical and biosecurity concerns, transgenic crops have not been widely accepted. Exogenous application of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is a new and intriguing method for inducing resistance against plant viruses. In this study, the efficacy of exogenous application of dsRNAs synthesized from BCMV helper component proteinase (HC-Pro) and coat protein (CP) genes were assessed in three plants: tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), and both dsRNAs elicited a resistance response. dsRNA targeting the HC-Pro gene of BCMV was found more effective in inducing RNAi-based resistance than dsRNA targeting the CP gene of BCMV with a more pronounced effect in cowpea than tobacco and common bean. We showed the stability and transport of both dsHC-Pro and dsCP in inoculated to non-inoculated young leaves. We also showed the ability of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSP) conjugated with dsHC-Pro to provide prolonged stability and broader resistance against BCMV in common bean, extending protection from 12 dpi up to 20 dpi, compared to naked dsHC-Pro. Our results suggest that dsRNA produced from HC-Pro and CP genes of BCMV can induce RNAi-based resistance against BCMV infection.
菜豆普通花叶病毒（BCMV）是菜豆（Phaseolus vulgaris L.）的一种严重植物病原体，在全球范围内导致巨大的产量损失。该病毒具有广泛的宿主范围和多样的传播方式，因此其管理具有挑战性。病原体衍生抗性，即将病毒衍生的基因序列插入转基因植物中，在克服植物病毒方面极为有效。然而，由于伦理和生物安全问题，转基因作物尚未被广泛接受。外源应用双链RNA（dsRNA）是一种诱导植物抗病毒的新方法，很有趣。在本研究中，评估了由BCMV辅助成分蛋白酶（HC-Pro）和外壳蛋白（CP）基因合成的dsRNA在三种植物中的外源应用效果：烟草（Nicotiana tabacum）、菜豆（Phaseolus vulgaris L.）和豇豆（Vigna unguiculata），两种dsRNA均引发了抗性反应。发现靶向BCMV的HC-Pro基因的dsRNA在诱导基于RNA干扰的抗性方面比靶向BCMV的CP基因的dsRNA更有效，在豇豆中的效果比在烟草和菜豆中更明显。我们展示了dsHC-Pro和dsCP在接种叶到未接种的幼叶中的稳定性和转运。我们还展示了与dsHC-Pro偶联的介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒（MSP）在菜豆中提供延长的稳定性和对BCMV更广泛抗性的能力，与裸露的dsHC-Pro相比，将保护期从接种后12天延长至20天。我们的结果表明，由BCMV的HC-Pro和CP基因产生的dsRNA可以诱导基于RNA干扰的抗性以抵抗BCMV感染。
