Meghanath Dasari, Wani Sumiah, Bashir Sabiya, Rashid Shahjahan, Javaid Andleeb, Dar Zahoor Ahmad, Wani Shabir Hussain, Sofi Parvaze A, Ali Gowhar, Hamid Aflaq
DNA Fingerprinting and Advanced Plant Virology Laboratory, AICRP-NSP, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India.
Dryland Agricultural Research Station (DARS), Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Budgam, India.
Front Microbiol. 2025 Jun 24;16:1614122. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1614122. eCollection 2025.
Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) and bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV) are among the most challenging constraints for common bean production in Northern states of India due to their easy transmission through aphids and seeds. Highly valuable Indian common bean varieties and landraces are more susceptible to BCMV and BCMNV and very few varieties exhibit resistance to these viruses. Resistance towards these viruses is governed by a single dominant () gene and a few recessive genes ( , and ). This study aims to identify common bean genotypes bearing multiple resistant genes, each working with a different mode of action. A total of 123 genotypes of common beans were mechanically inoculated with BCMV and BCMNV isolates and molecular markers (SW13, ROC11, BCMV-CAPS, ENM-FWe/Rve) were used to identify the presence of two major resistant genes ( and ). Out of these, 23 genotypes were found phenotypically resistant to both viruses. Furthermore, molecular screening was performed in which 13 hypersensitive resistant genotypes bearing a single dominant gene () were confirmed through SW13 and BCMV-CAPS markers. Additionally, ROC11/420, ENMF/R markers identified 4 genotypes bearing the recessive () gene conferring complete resistance to the virus without executing hypersensitive response (HR). A valuable gene combination of both (, Host group-12) genes in 3 genotypes was also established in the screened germplasm. However, in 3 phenotypically resistant genotypes, neither the gene nor gene was identified. The virus accumulation in the resistant genotypes was also understood properly through a time course experiment in a qPCR assay. This extensive identification of resistant common bean genotypes against BCMV and BCMNV can be readily included in the common bean breeding program of the Northern states of India for virus resistance.
菜豆普通花叶病毒（BCMV）和菜豆普通花叶坏死病毒（BCMNV）是印度北部地区菜豆生产面临的最具挑战性的制约因素之一，因为它们易于通过蚜虫和种子传播。极具价值的印度菜豆品种和地方品种对BCMV和BCMNV更为敏感，很少有品种对这些病毒表现出抗性。对这些病毒的抗性由一个显性（）基因和几个隐性基因（、和）控制。本研究旨在鉴定携带多个抗性基因的菜豆基因型，每个基因具有不同的作用模式。用BCMV和BCMNV分离株对总共123个菜豆基因型进行机械接种，并使用分子标记（SW13、ROC11、BCMV-CAPS、ENM-FWe/Rve）来鉴定两个主要抗性基因（和）的存在。其中，发现23个基因型对两种病毒均表现出表型抗性。此外，进行了分子筛选，通过SW13和BCMV-CAPS标记确认了13个携带单个显性基因（）的过敏反应抗性基因型。此外，ROC11/420、ENMF/R标记鉴定出4个携带隐性（）基因的基因型，这些基因型对病毒具有完全抗性且不产生过敏反应（HR）。在筛选出的种质中还确定了3个基因型中（，宿主组-12）两个基因的有价值组合。然而，在3个表型抗性基因型中，既未鉴定出基因，也未鉴定出基因。通过qPCR分析的时间进程实验，也很好地了解了抗性基因型中的病毒积累情况。这种对BCMV和BCMNV抗性菜豆基因型的广泛鉴定可很容易地纳入印度北部各邦的菜豆育种计划中以实现抗病毒性。
