Jiang Guobang, Wang Yingying, Zhang Ziyu, Pan Weikang, Chen Yizhen, Wang Yang, Chen Xiangzhong, Song Enming, Huang Gaoshan, He Qiong, Sun Shulin, Cui Jizhai, Zhou Lei, Mei Yongfeng
Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China.
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metasurfaces for Light Manipulation, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
Nat Commun. 2025 Feb 15;16(1):1660. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-56211-3.
Dynamically controlling electromagnetic waves at will is highly desired in many applications, but most previously realized mechanically reconfigurable metasurfaces are of restricted wave-control capabilities due to the limited tuning ranges of structural properties (e.g., lattice constant or meta-atoms). Here, we present mechanically reconfigurable metasurfaces in which both lattice constants and local reflection phases of constitutional meta-atoms can be synchronously controlled based on the kirigami rotation transformation, thereby exhibiting extended tuning ranges and thus wave-control capabilities. In particular, such metasurfaces can exhibit continuously varied and even re-formed reflection-phase profiles along with the kirigami rotation transformation, serving as ideal platforms to achieve reconfigurable beam steering in pre-designed manners. Using this concept, we design and fabricate two kirigami metasurfaces, working as a beam flipper and as a beam splitter for microwaves, respectively, and experimentally characterize their wave-manipulation functionalities. Experimental results are in good agreement with full-wave simulations. The proposed idea is so general that it can be applied to realize reconfigurable metasurfaces with different materials/configurations or in high frequency regimes, for controlling electromagnetic waves and other classical waves (e.g., acoustic waves).
在许多应用中，人们非常希望能够随意动态控制电磁波，但由于结构特性（如晶格常数或元原子）的调谐范围有限，大多数先前实现的机械可重构超表面的波控能力受到限制。在此，我们展示了一种机械可重构超表面，其中基于折纸旋转变换，可以同步控制组成元原子的晶格常数和局部反射相位，从而展现出扩展的调谐范围以及波控能力。特别是，这种超表面可以随着折纸旋转变换呈现出连续变化甚至重新形成的反射相位分布，成为以预先设计的方式实现可重构波束转向的理想平台。利用这一概念，我们设计并制作了两种折纸超表面，分别用作微波波束翻转器和波束分离器，并通过实验表征了它们的波操控功能。实验结果与全波模拟结果吻合良好。所提出的概念非常通用，可应用于实现具有不同材料/配置的可重构超表面，或在高频区域中用于控制电磁波和其他经典波（如声波）。
