Befenzi Hasna, Ezzariai Amine, Baghor Jihane, Arrach Hamza, Armengaud Jean, Kielbasa Mélodie, Doan Annick, Lambert Julien, Lomascolo Anne, Albert Quentin, Faulds Craig B, Sciara Giuliano, Mechichi Tahar, Kouisni Lamfeddal, Hafidi Mohamed, El Fels Loubna, Record Eric
Cadi Ayyad University, Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences and Environment (BioMAgE), Labeled Research Unit CNRST No. 4, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Marrakesh, Morocco; INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ, BBF, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Marseille, France.
Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), African Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (ASARI), Laayoun, Morocco.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2025 Feb;291:117898. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117898. Epub 2025 Feb 16.
Global antibiotic consumption is increasing dramatically. Antibiotic release into the environment, primarily through wastewater discharge, has serious impacts for human and animal health and microbial ecosystems. To address this issue, white-rot fungi present a promising solution, as they possess oxidative enzymes that can degrade these pollutants. Here we investigated the effectiveness of the white-rot fungus Bjerkandera adusta TM11 for removing three persistent fluoroquinolone antibiotics, i.e. levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and enrofloxacin, in real wastewater. The three antibiotics were added to the wastewater separately at a concentration of 30 mg/L and together in a cocktail at 10 mg/L, then incubated for 9 days. LC-MS/MS analysis and anti-microbial assay (against Escherichia coli) demonstrated complete removal of levofloxacin by day 7. However, ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin biotransformed into degradation products that still had antimicrobial activity, with degradation efficiencies reaching 82 % and 99 %, respectively, by day 7. Proteomic analysis identified 21 fungal heme peroxidases. Versatile peroxidase was the most strongly-produced enzyme potentially involved in antibiotic biotransformation. Degradation products were characterized by LC-MS/MS analysis, and a degradation pathway was proposed based on these findings.
全球抗生素消费量正在急剧增加。抗生素主要通过废水排放进入环境，对人类、动物健康和微生物生态系统产生严重影响。为了解决这个问题，白腐真菌提供了一个有前景的解决方案，因为它们拥有能够降解这些污染物的氧化酶。在此，我们研究了白腐真菌烟管菌TM11在实际废水中去除三种持久性氟喹诺酮类抗生素（即左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星和恩诺沙星）的效果。将这三种抗生素分别以30 mg/L的浓度添加到废水中，并以10 mg/L的浓度混合添加到废水中，然后孵育9天。液相色谱-串联质谱分析和抗菌试验（针对大肠杆菌）表明，到第7天左氧氟沙星被完全去除。然而，环丙沙星和恩诺沙星生物转化为仍具有抗菌活性的降解产物，到第7天降解效率分别达到82%和99%。蛋白质组学分析鉴定出21种真菌血红素过氧化物酶。多功能过氧化物酶是可能参与抗生素生物转化的产生量最大的酶。通过液相色谱-串联质谱分析对降解产物进行了表征，并基于这些发现提出了一条降解途径。
