Liu Jiajia, Hu Guangli, Liu Shengjin, Ren Guangcai, Gao Liguo, Zhao Zhiqing, Geng Rui, Wang Dingli, Shen Xiao, Chen Feng, Shen Hanqin
Guangdong Enterprise Key Laboratory for Animal Health and Environmental Control, Wen's Foodstuff Group Co. Ltd, Yunfu, China.
Yunfu Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Yunfu, China.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2025 Jan 31;14:1498610. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1498610. eCollection 2024.
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a highly contagious virus that causes severe diarrhea and high mortality in neonatal piglets. Current control measures, such as inactivated and live-attenuated vaccines, have limitations in providing complete protection. In this study, we evaluate the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a PEDV S protein subunit vaccine compared to a traditional inactivated vaccine. Piglets and Sows were immunized with either the subunit vaccine or an inactivated vaccine, and serum samples were collected to assess IgG and neutralizing antibody levels. Results demonstrated that the S protein subunit vaccine induced significantly higher IgG and neutralizing antibody levels in both piglets and sows compared to the inactivated vaccine. Piglets born to immunized sows were challenged with a virulent PEDV strain. Piglets from the subunit vaccine group exhibited lower viral shedding, reduced clinical symptoms, and minimal intestinal lesions. These findings suggest that the PEDV S protein subunit vaccine provides enhanced immunity and protection against PEDV, making it a promising candidate for preventing PEDV infections in swine.
猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）是一种高度传染性病毒，可导致新生仔猪严重腹泻和高死亡率。目前的控制措施，如灭活疫苗和减毒活疫苗，在提供完全保护方面存在局限性。在本研究中，我们评估了一种PEDV S蛋白亚单位疫苗与传统灭活疫苗相比的免疫原性和保护效果。用亚单位疫苗或灭活疫苗对仔猪和母猪进行免疫，并收集血清样本以评估IgG和中和抗体水平。结果表明，与灭活疫苗相比，S蛋白亚单位疫苗在仔猪和母猪中均诱导出显著更高的IgG和中和抗体水平。对免疫母猪所生的仔猪用强毒PEDV毒株进行攻毒。亚单位疫苗组的仔猪表现出较低的病毒排泄、减轻的临床症状和最小的肠道病变。这些发现表明，PEDV S蛋白亚单位疫苗提供了增强的免疫力和对PEDV的保护，使其成为预防猪PEDV感染的有希望的候选疫苗。
