State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Life Sciences School, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
Mol Biol Evol. 2023 Mar 4;40(3). doi: 10.1093/molbev/msad052.
With a possible origin from bats, the alphacoronavirus Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes significant hazards and widespread epidemics in the swine population. However, the ecology, evolution, and spread of PEDV are still unclear. Here, from 149,869 fecal and intestinal tissue samples of pigs collected in an 11-year survey, we identified PEDV as the most dominant virus in diarrheal animals. Global whole genomic and evolutionary analyses of 672 PEDV strains revealed the fast-evolving PEDV genotype 2 (G2) strains as the main epidemic viruses worldwide, which seems to correlate with the use of G2-targeting vaccines. The evolving pattern of the G2 viruses presents geographic bias as they evolve tachytely in South Korea but undergo the highest recombination in China. Therefore, we clustered six PEDV haplotypes in China, whereas South Korea held five haplotypes, including a unique haplotype G. In addition, an assessment of the spatiotemporal spread route of PEDV indicates Germany and Japan as the primary hubs for PEDV dissemination in Europe and Asia, respectively. Overall, our findings provide novel insights into the epidemiology, evolution, and transmission of PEDV, and thus may lay a foundation for the prevention and control of PEDV and other coronaviruses.
猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）可能起源于蝙蝠，对猪群造成了重大危害和广泛的流行。然而，PEDV 的生态学、进化和传播仍不清楚。在这里，我们从 11 年调查中收集的 149869 份粪便和肠道组织样本中鉴定出 PEDV 是腹泻动物中最主要的病毒。对 672 株 PEDV 株的全球全基因组和进化分析显示，快速进化的 PEDV 基因型 2（G2）株是世界范围内的主要流行病毒，这似乎与使用 G2 靶向疫苗有关。G2 病毒的进化模式存在地理偏见，因为它们在韩国快速进化，但在中国经历了最高的重组。因此，我们在中国聚类了六个 PEDV 单倍型，而韩国则有五个单倍型，包括一个独特的单倍型 G。此外，对 PEDV 时空传播途径的评估表明，德国和日本分别是 PEDV 在欧洲和亚洲传播的主要中心。总的来说，我们的发现为 PEDV 的流行病学、进化和传播提供了新的见解，为 PEDV 和其他冠状病毒的预防和控制奠定了基础。
