Ireland Emily M, Sharp Claire R, Leister Ellie M, Boyd Susan
Brisbane Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Service, Albany Creek, QLD, Australia.
School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia.
Front Vet Sci. 2025 Feb 3;12:1500464. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1500464. eCollection 2025.
The aim of this report is to raise awareness of the risk of oxidant-induced erythrocyte injury, including Heinz body (HB) anemia, in critically ill dogs by describing the condition in five dogs receiving constant rate infusions of propofol.
This case series describes five dogs with suspected propofol-induced HB anemia undergoing mechanical ventilation (MV) for lower motor neuron disease. Four of the five dogs were treated for tick paralysis () and one was treated for suspected eastern brown snake () envenomation. Propofol constant rate infusions were administered as part of total intravenous anesthesia. All five dogs became anemic, and a complete blood count and blood smear interpretation by a specialist clinical pathologist confirmed the presence of oxidative red blood cell injury (eccentrocytosis and HBs). The duration of MV ranged from 76 to 131 h, with HBs identified within 47-96 h of commencing propofol. All five dogs survived to discharge, with one dog requiring a blood transfusion.
While propofol-induced HB anemia is a recognized phenomenon in cats, to the author's knowledge, this is the first case series detailing multiple occurrences in dogs. Veterinarians should be aware of the risk of propofol-induced oxidative erythrocyte injury in dogs receiving prolonged infusions of propofol, and consider risk mitigation by using propofol as part of multiagent intravenous anesthesia, keeping dose rates as low as possible, and daily monitoring of blood smears and red blood cell indices.
本报告旨在通过描述五只接受丙泊酚持续输注的重症犬的情况，提高对氧化应激诱导的红细胞损伤风险的认识，包括海因茨小体（HB）贫血。
本病例系列描述了五只疑似丙泊酚诱导的HB贫血的犬，因下运动神经元疾病接受机械通气（MV）。五只犬中有四只因蜱瘫痪接受治疗，一只因疑似东部棕蛇毒液中毒接受治疗。丙泊酚持续输注作为全静脉麻醉的一部分进行。所有五只犬均出现贫血，一位专业临床病理学家进行的全血细胞计数和血涂片解读证实存在氧化性红细胞损伤（偏心红细胞症和海因茨小体）。MV持续时间为76至131小时，在开始丙泊酚输注后47 - 96小时内发现海因茨小体。所有五只犬均存活至出院，其中一只犬需要输血。
虽然丙泊酚诱导的HB贫血在猫中是一种公认的现象，但据作者所知，这是首个详细描述犬类中多次发生该情况的病例系列。兽医应意识到在接受丙泊酚长时间输注的犬中存在丙泊酚诱导的氧化性红细胞损伤风险，并考虑通过将丙泊酚用作多药静脉麻醉的一部分、尽可能保持低剂量率以及每日监测血涂片和红细胞指数来降低风险。
