Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
Vetsuisse, University of Zürich, Zürich 8057, Switzerland.
J Vet Sci. 2024 Sep;25(5):e64. doi: 10.4142/jvs.24160. Epub 2024 Aug 14.
This is the first reported case of fragrance products-induced recurrent oxidative hemolytic anemia in a dog, detailing the successful therapeutic approach employed.
A 4-year-old intact female Pomeranian dog presented with brown tongue, pigmenturia, peripheral edema, and vomiting. Blood smears revealed a high count of eccentrocytes and Heinz bodies, along with a precipitous decline in packed cell volume and an increase in blood methemoglobin levels, suggesting an oxidative hemolytic crisis. This clinicopathological pattern recurred several times after the patient returned home. Antioxidants, methylene blue, hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy, and blood transfusion were successfully employed to address recurrent hemolytic anemia; however, oxidative hemolytic crises recurred. After the owner removed exposure to various home remedies and fragrances, the clinical signs and hemolytic crises did not recur.
Recurring oxidative hemolytic crises should raise suspicions of environmental toxicity, which, although harmless in small quantities to humans, can be devastating to small-breed dogs. In addition to removing the causative agents, methylene blue and other antioxidants, along with HBO, may be beneficial in the acute management of oxidative hemolytic anemia.
这是首例报道的犬类因使用香薰产品而导致复发性氧化性溶血性贫血的病例，详细介绍了成功采用的治疗方法。
一只 4 岁的未绝育雌性博美犬出现了茶色舌头、色素尿、外周水肿和呕吐的症状。血涂片显示有大量偏心细胞和海因茨体，且红细胞压积急剧下降，血液高铁血红蛋白水平升高，提示发生了氧化性溶血性危象。在患者返回家中后，这种临床病理模式多次复发。抗氧化剂、亚甲蓝、高压氧（HBO）治疗和输血成功用于治疗复发性溶血性贫血；然而，氧化性溶血性危象仍会复发。在主人去除了各种家庭疗法和香水的接触后，临床症状和溶血性危象未再复发。
复发性氧化性溶血性危象应引起对环境毒性的怀疑，尽管这些物质对人类的少量接触是无害的，但对小型犬种来说可能是毁灭性的。除了去除致病物质外，亚甲蓝和其他抗氧化剂以及 HBO 可能对氧化性溶血性贫血的急性治疗有益。
